企业员工职业幸福感与心理资本的关系研究

发布时间：2018-08-08 20:45

【摘要】：随着人们对工作生活质量要求的提高,越来越多的心理学者和管理者开始研究员工的职业幸福感。本文以企业员工(包括国企、私企和外企)为对象,来探讨企业员工职业幸福感的相关问题。我们认为职业幸福感就是关于员工的与职业有关的各方面的主观心理体验,包括积极体验和消极体验两方面,由工作满意度、人际支持、工作动机、情感衰竭和职业健康五个维度组成。根据此定义,我们编制了企业员工职业幸福感初始问卷,并对问卷进行了修订以及信效度的检验,问卷具有良好的信度和效度,符合测量学标准。我们应用编制好的问卷,收集关于企业员工职业幸福感的信息：分析了企业员工职业幸福感现状；探讨了企业员工职业幸福感与本土心理资本的关系；建构了本土心理资本对企业员工职业幸福感的影响模型；同时还考察了企业员工的职业幸福感和本土心理资本在性别、学历、婚姻状况、所在企业类型和工龄这5因素方面的不同。本文得到以下结论： (1)企业员工职业幸福感适中,大部分维度得分都高于一般水平,处于中等水平,状况良好；企业员工的本土心理资本拥有水平偏低,两维度得分均低于一般水平,处于中等偏下的水平,状况不佳。 (2)企业员工的职业幸福感在婚姻状况、学历、工龄方面存在差异：已婚员工表现出更多的职业幸福感；高学历和低学历员工的职业幸福感较高,中等学历的员工职业幸福感水平较低,而中专学历的员工最低；员工职业幸福感随工龄的增加而升高,在3-5年这个阶段有一个职业幸福感的小高峰。 (3)企业员工的本土心理资本在性别、婚姻状况、工龄方面存在差异：男员工比女员工拥有更多的本土心理资本；已婚员工表现出了更多的本土心理资本；工龄越长的企业员工,拥有越多的本土心理资本。 (4)本土心理资本及其两维度,均对企业员工的职业幸福感有积极的影响和正向的预测作用；本土心理资本作为一个整体对职业幸福感的解释力不如两个维度的联合解释力。 (5)事务型心理资本对企业员工职业幸福感的影响模型,包含积极和消极两个影响过程；人际型心理资本对企业员工职业幸福感的影响只有单一的积极过程。最后,我们对本研究在取样、内容和跨文化研究领域上的创新进行了分析,以及自陈问卷、研究对象和横截面设计的局限进行了讨论,希望对后续研究有所启示。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of the quality of work and life, more and more psychologists and managers begin to study the occupational well-being of employees. In this paper, employees (including state-owned enterprises, private enterprises and foreign enterprises) as the object, to explore the related problems of employees' occupational well-being. We believe that career happiness is about the subjective psychological experience of employees in all aspects related to their careers, including positive experience and negative experience, including job satisfaction, interpersonal support, and work motivation. There are five dimensions of emotional exhaustion and occupational health. According to this definition, we developed the initial questionnaire of employee's occupational well-being, and revised the questionnaire and tested the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The questionnaire has good reliability and validity, which meets the standards of measurement. We use the questionnaire to collect the information about the occupational well-being of the employees, analyze the present situation of the occupational well-being of the employees, and discuss the relationship between the occupational well-being of the employees and the local psychological capital. This paper constructs a model of the influence of local psychological capital on the occupational well-being of enterprise employees, and also examines the occupational well-being of the employees and the local psychological capital in terms of gender, education, marital status. The difference in the five factors of the type and length of service in the enterprise. This paper draws the following conclusions: (1) the occupational well-being of employees is moderate, most of the dimension scores are higher than the average level, in the medium level, the situation is good; the level of the native psychological capital of the employees is low. The scores of the two dimensions are lower than the average level, in the middle lower level, the situation is not good. (2) there are differences in the marital status, education, length of service of the enterprise employees: married employees show more occupational well-being; Employees with high and low educational background had higher occupational well-being, while those with secondary education had lower level of occupational well-being, while those with technical secondary school degree had the lowest level, and the occupational well-being of employees increased with the increase of length of service. There is a small peak of occupational happiness in this period of 3-5 years. (3) there are differences in gender, marital status and length of service of the local psychological capital of enterprise employees: male employees have more local psychological capital than female employees; Married employees showed more local psychological capital; the longer they worked, the more local psychological capital they had. (4) Native psychological capital and its two dimensions. Both of them have positive influence and positive predictive effect on the occupational well-being of employees. The local psychological capital as a whole has less explanatory power to the occupational well-being than the two dimensions. (5) the influence model of the transactional psychological capital on the employees' occupational well-being includes the positive and negative processes; The influence of interpersonal psychological capital on the occupational well-being of employees is only a single positive process. Finally, we analyze the innovation in the field of sampling, content and cross-cultural research, and discuss the limitations of questionnaire, research object and cross-section design.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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