艺术化团体辅导对服刑人员感戴心理的影响

发布时间：2018-08-13 15:56

【摘要】：知恩图报，善莫大焉，投之以桃，报之以李。中华民族自古就是一个感戴文化浓郁的文明古国。一方面，感戴作为一种情感特质，是中国传统文化中道德品质的重要组成部分；另一方面，感戴作为积极心理学的重要研究领域，与个体的幸福感、人格特质、亲社会行为有着密切的关系。服刑人员作为社会各界关注的特殊群体，对其感戴这一积极心理特质进行研究，会对提高这一群体的心理健康水平有重要的影响。本研究的被试主要是监狱服刑人员，采用量化研究和质性研究相结合的方法。通过两个研究，从心理学的角度对服刑人员感恩戴德的心理特质进行分析和干预，其具体用意有两个：其一，从中国传统文化和服刑人员对感戴的内隐认知表征两个角度出发挖掘出与感戴这一心理学特质的契合点，，使“感戴”这一心理特质的研究更富有中国本土化色彩；其二，在研究一的基础上，采用艺术化团体辅导这种特殊的团体辅导形式对服刑人员的感恩戴德特质进行实验干预，旨在以此为切入点，提高服刑人员心理健康水平，促进其积极心理的表现力。研究1：从儒墨两家的传统思想和服刑人员对感戴的认知出发，挖掘其与“感戴”这一心理学特质的契合点，并进行分析、归纳、总结。主要采用半结构式访谈法并辅之以内容分析、聚类分析来分析收集儒墨两家核心思想中所渗透的感戴特质和服刑人员的感戴内隐表征，从而探究出感戴的四个内容维度。结果显示：儒墨两家传统文化和服刑人员认知表征中所渗透的感戴内容维度主要分为四项：感戴父母、感戴同伴、感戴环境、感戴生命。此外，修订适用于服刑人员的感戴程度量表并对其信度、效度进行验证。结果显示：经修订《服刑人员感戴程度量表》适用于监狱服刑人员这一群体。研究2：应用艺术化团体辅导这一特殊形式对监狱服刑人员进行实验干预。通过干预旨在提高服刑人员的感戴水平。该实验干预主要分为间歇性干预和持续性干预两种方式。前期以间歇性干预为主，基本过程为热身活动、团体辅导的实施、活动后的分享和领悟。每周两次，共进行6次干预。后期以持续性干预为主，主要在第一轮干预结束两个月后，进行持续性干预，共进行2次。本研究采用量化研究和质性研究相结合的方式对干预效果进行评估。结果显示：（1）艺术化团体辅导对服刑人员感戴总分有积极影响（P0.001）；（2）在“感戴深度”、“感戴广度”、“感戴密度”、“感戴频度”各因子上，组间比较结果为：干预组对照组；（3）通过艺术化团体辅导的干预，服刑人员对父母、同伴、环境、生命的认识更为客观，表现出更多的珍惜和感恩倾向。
[Abstract]:Know thanks to return, good great Yan, cast with peach, return to Lee. The Chinese nation has been a rich civilization since ancient times. On the one hand, sensual wear, as an emotional trait, is an important part of moral quality in Chinese traditional culture; on the other hand, as an important research field of positive psychology, it is associated with individual happiness and personality traits. Pro-social behavior is closely related. As a special group concerned by all walks of life, the study of the positive psychological trait of the prisoners will have an important effect on improving the mental health level of this group. The subjects of this study are mainly prison inmates, using the combination of quantitative and qualitative research. Through two studies, the psychological characteristics of the prisoners are analyzed and interfered from the psychological point of view. There are two specific intentions: first, From the perspective of Chinese traditional culture and the implicit cognitive representation of sensual wearing among Chinese prisoners, the author excavates the point of convergence with the psychological trait of sensual wearing, which makes the study of the psychological trait of "sensual-wearing" more native in China. Second, the research on the psychological characteristic of "sensual-wearing" is of Chinese indigenization. On the basis of the first study, this paper uses artistic group counseling as a special form of group counseling to carry out experimental intervention on the grateful characteristics of prisoners, in order to use it as a starting point to improve the mental health level of prisoners. Promote their positive psychological expression. Research 1: starting from the traditional thought of Confucian and Mohist schools and the cognition of the prisoners on sensual wearing, this paper excavates the common point between it and the psychological characteristic of "sensual wearing", and analyzes, sums up and summarizes it. This paper mainly adopts the semi-structure interview method, supplemented by content analysis and cluster analysis, to analyze and collect the characteristics of feeling and wearing and the implicit representation of the prisoners in the two core thoughts of Confucianism and Mohism, and to explore the four content dimensions of feeling and wearing. The results show that the dimensions of perception and wearing which are permeated by the traditional culture of Confucianism and Mohist and the cognitive representation of prisoners are mainly divided into four dimensions: feeling parents, feeling wearing companions, feeling wearing environment, feeling wearing life. In addition, the scale was revised and its reliability and validity were verified. The results showed that the revised scale was suitable for prison inmates. Study 2: the special form of artistic group counseling was used to intervene prison inmates. Through intervention, the aim is to improve the sense of wearing of prisoners. The experimental intervention is divided into intermittent intervention and continuous intervention. The basic process is warm-up activities, group counseling, sharing and understanding after the activities. Two times a week, a total of 6 interventions. Two months after the first intervention, continuous intervention was carried out for 2 times. In this study, quantitative and qualitative studies were used to evaluate the effectiveness of intervention. The results showed that: (1) artistry group counseling had a positive effect on the total score of perceived wearing of prisoners (P0. 001); (2) on the factors of "feeling depth", "feeling wearing span", "feeling wearing density" and "feeling wearing frequency". The results were as follows: the intervention group control group; (3) through the intervention of artistry group counseling, the prisoners' understanding of parents, companions, environment and life was more objective, showing more treasured and grateful tendency.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B844

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