社会排斥对儿童亲社会行为的影响研究

发布时间：2018-08-24 12:50

【摘要】：亲社会行为是一种使他人获益并且促进社会和谐的行为,不仅可以帮助他人,同时使自己获得情感上的满足和一定的社会名声。社会群体偏好具有亲社会倾向的个体,他人的接纳和认可能够满足他们的归属感和安全感。个体时刻都处在与他人的联系中,没有人愿意生活在社会孤岛上。社会排斥损害个体的归属感和安全感,严重影响个体的身心健康;然而,这种消极现象却在校园和社会中时常发生。当前关于亲社会行为影响因素的研究包括个体和社会两方面,前者更多集中在认知和人格因素上,后者更多关注家庭、学校环境,而缺少对群体关系的研究;社会群体亲社会行为现状的研究多以成人为对象,而对儿童的研究较少。本研究通过两个分研究考察社会排斥对儿童亲社会行为的影响,以及影响过程中情绪的中介作用。研究一通过对儿童亲社会行为现状的分析以及社会排斥对儿童亲社会行为的影响研究发现:儿童亲社会行为的发生频率整体呈下降趋势,主要表现形式是帮助他人的行为;社会排斥对亲社会行为的影响显著。研究二通过拒绝范式进一步考察情绪在社会排斥对儿童亲社会行为的影响过程中的中介作用。结果发现:情绪在社会排斥和儿童的亲社会行为的关系中发挥部分中介的作用。综合以上研究,得出结论:(1)儿童的亲社会行为的主要表现形式是助人行为。(2)在性别因素上,亲社会行为存在显著差异,女生比男生表现出更多的亲社会行为。(3)不同群体关系对儿童情绪的影响差异显著,社会排斥组会引起儿童的消极情绪,社会接纳组引起儿童的积极情绪。(4)社会排斥和儿童的亲社会行为相关显著,社会排斥组儿童的亲社会行为显著少于社会接纳组的儿童。(5)情绪在社会排斥对儿童的亲社会行为的影响中存在部分中介效应。
[Abstract]:Prosocial behavior is a kind of behavior that can benefit others and promote social harmony. It can not only help others, but also make oneself obtain emotional satisfaction and certain social reputation. Social groups prefer individuals with prosocial tendencies and others' acceptance and approval can satisfy their sense of belonging and sense of security. Individuals are always in contact with others, and no one wants to live on a social island. Social exclusion damages individuals' sense of belonging and sense of security, and seriously affects their physical and mental health. However, this negative phenomenon often occurs on campus and in society. The current research on the influencing factors of prosocial behavior includes individual and social, the former focuses more on cognitive and personality factors, the latter pays more attention to the family and school environment, but lacks the research on group relationship. The current situation of prosocial behavior of social groups is mostly focused on adults, but less on children. In this study, we investigated the influence of social exclusion on children's prosocial behavior and the mediating role of emotion in the process. Through the analysis of the current situation of children's pro-social behavior and the influence of social exclusion on children's pro-social behavior, the results show that the frequency of children's pro-social behavior is decreasing, and the main manifestation is the behavior of helping others; Social exclusion has a significant effect on prosocial behavior. In the second study, the role of emotion in the influence of social exclusion on children's prosocial behavior was investigated through rejection paradigm. The results show that emotion plays a role as a mediator in the relationship between social exclusion and children's prosocial behavior. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the main manifestation of children's prosocial behavior is helpful behavior. (2) there are significant differences in prosocial behaviors in gender factors. Girls showed more pro-social behaviors than boys. (3) the influence of different group relationships on children's emotions was significantly different, and social exclusion group would cause children's negative emotions. (4) there was a significant correlation between social exclusion and children's pro-social behavior. The prosocial behavior of children in the social exclusion group was significantly lower than that in the social acceptance group. (5) there were some mediating effects in the influence of social exclusion on children's pro-social behavior.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.1

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