依恋:理解成就动机个体差异的切入点

发布时间：2018-08-31 11:04

【摘要】：从成就动机的重要性及其影响因素入手,本文提出了以依恋作为切入点理解成就动机个体差异的观点。围绕这一观点,本文首先简要介绍了依恋理论、所关注的三种成就动机理论取向或结构(自我效能、动机的不同自我调节水平、成就目标)的基本信息和前沿进展。然后,从人类发展的生物生态学模型,依恋行为系统和探索行为系统的关系,以及认知成分在依恋行为系统中的参与三个方面,对依恋作为理解成就动机实质的切入点的问题进行了理论分析。第三,本文为上述理论分析提供了现有的实证研究的支持,即安全依恋与较高的自我效能、自主调节水平以及掌握目标相联系,而非安全依恋与较低的自我效能、外部调节水平和表现回避目标相联系。最后,根据理论分析和实证研究结果,本文指出了未来从依恋角度理解成就动机个体差异和实质的研究方向。
[Abstract]:Starting from the importance of achievement motivation and its influencing factors, this paper puts forward the viewpoint of understanding individual differences of achievement motivation with attachment as the starting point. Based on this viewpoint, this paper first briefly introduces the attachment theory, the basic information and the frontier progress of the three theoretical orientations or structures of achievement motivation (self-efficacy, different self-regulation level of motivation, achievement goal). Then, from three aspects: the biological ecological model of human development, the relationship between attachment behavior system and exploratory behavior system, and the participation of cognitive components in attachment behavior system, This paper makes a theoretical analysis of attachment as a starting point for understanding the essence of achievement motivation. Thirdly, this paper provides the support of the existing empirical research for the above theoretical analysis, that is, safety attachment is associated with higher self-efficacy, self-regulation level and mastery goal, rather than safe attachment and low self-efficacy. External adjustment level is associated with performance avoidance goal. Finally, according to the theoretical analysis and empirical results, this paper points out the future research direction of understanding individual differences and essence of achievement motivation from the perspective of attachment.
【作者单位】：南京师范大学心理学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“城市流动儿童的社会性发展及其影响因素研究”(14BSH077)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B848.8

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