父母严厉管教与儿童外化问题行为的双向关系：儿童朋友满意度和父母婚姻满意度的调节作用

发布时间：2018-09-03 08:08

【摘要】：严厉管教是在世界范围内父母管教儿童常用的一种方法。父母严厉管教主要分为三种形式:心理攻击、体罚和身体虐待。已有的西方研究发现,经历过父母严厉管教的儿童往往表现出较多的攻击、违纪等外化问题。但是我国鲜有研究全面考察三种形式的父母严厉管教与儿童外化问题行为之间的关系。并且,对于父母严厉管教与儿童外化问题行为之间的研究更多是关注父母驱动效应,然而已有研究发现,儿童自身的行为问题等也会影响到父母的教养行为。根据双向关系理论,儿童并不是被动的接受父母管教对他的影响,而是具有积极主动性,而儿童的反馈也会进一步影响父母对待儿童的行为。因此在考察父母严厉管教与儿童外化问题的关系时,必须考虑双向性。因此本研究研究目的之一为,考察中国文化背景下父母严厉管教与儿童外化问题之间的双向关系。另外,目前较少有研究考察父母严厉管教影响儿童外化问题行为的机制问题,而更鲜有研究考察儿童外化问题行为影响父母严厉管教的机制。因此本研究拟在考察父母严厉管教与儿童外化问题行为双向关系的基础上进一步探讨父母严厉管教与儿童外化问题行为之间影响机制的问题。本研究采用交叉滞后的方法,从济南两所小学选取672名小学四到五年级儿童及其父母为研究被试,以亲子冲突解决策略量表(CTSPC)、儿童行为核查表(CBCL)、婚姻调试量表(MAT)、多维度学校生活满意度量表(MSLSS)为研究工具,采用问卷调查法对儿童及其父母进行测查,收集了父母严厉管教、儿童外化问题行为水平、儿童朋友满意度以及父母婚姻满意度等相关数据,以考察父母严厉管教与儿童外化问题行为之间的双向关系,以及儿童朋友满意度和父母婚姻满意度在其中的调节作用。主要研究结论如下:1.父母严厉管教存在显著的性别差异,男孩经历的父母严厉管教要显著高于女生。2.儿童外化问题行为性别差异显著,男生的外化问题行为水平显著高于女生。3.相关分析发现,除T1父母心理攻击与T2母亲报告的儿童违纪问题和T2父母身体虐待和T1父亲报告的儿童违纪问题外,T1、T2时的父母心理攻击、父母体罚和父母身体虐待与T1、T2时的儿童攻击和违纪行为均呈显著正相关。4.交叉滞后分析发现,T1的父母心理攻击、体罚、身体虐待均可显著正向预测T2的儿童外化问题行为,而T1的儿童外化问题行为仅显著预测T2的父母心理攻击,而不能显著预测T2的父母体罚、T2的父母身体虐待。5.儿童朋友满意度在父母心理攻击和体罚与儿童外化问题行为之间起调节作用,具体而言,儿童的高朋友满意度增强了父母心理攻击和体罚对儿童外化问题行为的影响。然而,儿童朋友满意度在父母虐待与儿童外化问题之间不起调节作用。6.父母婚姻满意度在儿童外化问题行为与父母心理攻击之间起调节作用,具体而言,高水平的父母婚姻满意度缓冲了儿童外化问题行为对父母心理攻击的影响。然而,父母婚姻满意度在儿童外化问题行为与父母体罚之间、儿童外化问题行为与父母虐待之间均不起调节作用。
[Abstract]:Severe parental discipline is a common method of parental discipline worldwide. Parental discipline can be divided into three main forms: psychological attack, corporal punishment and physical abuse. The relationship between parental strict discipline and children's externalizing behavior was investigated. Moreover, the research on the relationship between parental strict discipline and children's externalizing behavior was more focused on the parent-driven effect. However, some studies have found that children's own behavior problems can also affect parents'behavior. The theory is that children are not passive to accept the influence of parental discipline on them, but have a positive initiative, and children's feedback will further affect the behavior of parents towards children. In addition, few studies have examined the mechanism of parental strict discipline affecting children's externalizing behavior, and few have examined the mechanism of parental strict discipline affecting parental strict discipline. Based on the bi-directional relationship between education and children's externalizing behavior, this study explores the mechanism of the relationship between parental strict discipline and children's externalizing behavior. CTSPC, CBCL, MAT and MSLSS were used as the research tools. Questionnaires were used to test the children and their parents. The data of parents'strict discipline, children's behavior level of externalizing problems, children's friends' satisfaction and parents'marital satisfaction were collected. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. There are significant gender differences in parental strict discipline, and boys experience significantly higher parental strict discipline than girls. 2. Children's parental strict discipline is significantly higher than girls. There was a significant gender difference in question behavior. The level of externalization problem behavior of boys was significantly higher than that of girls. 3. Correlation analysis showed that except T1 parental psychological aggression and T2 mother reported child discipline problems, T2 parental physical abuse and T1 father reported child discipline problems, T1, T2 parental psychological aggression, parental corporal punishment and parental physical abuse and T1, T2 parental physical abuse. The results of cross-lag analysis showed that parental psychological aggression, corporal punishment and physical abuse of T1 significantly positively predicted children's externalization problem behavior of T2, while parental psychological aggression of T2 was only significantly predicted by children's externalization problem behavior of T1, but not by parents'corporal punishment of T2 and father of T2. Maternal and Physical Abuse.5.Friend Satisfaction plays a moderating role between parental psychological aggression and corporal punishment and children's externalization behavior. 6. Parental marital satisfaction plays a moderating role between children's externalizing problem behavior and parents'psychological aggression. Specifically, high level of parental marital satisfaction buffers the impact of children's externalizing problem behavior on parents' psychological aggression. There is no moderating effect between externalizing problem behaviors and parental abuse.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.1

【参考文献】