音乐效价与归因风格对音乐情绪的影响机制

发布时间：2018-09-10 13:55

【摘要】：本文基于对以往研究的总结,从影响音乐情绪的外因(音乐效价)和内因(归因风格)出发,采用自我报告任务与事件相关电位(event-related potential,ERP)技术相结合的形式,通过三个实验探讨了音乐情绪的影响机制,为音乐情绪的神经机制研究提供进一步的证据。预实验基于Ekman的基本情绪理论与Russell的情绪环形理论,采用自我报告任务,构建了《中国情绪音乐系统》,为后续实验及今后国内外音乐情绪研究的科研人员提供丰富的实验选材平台。实验一从音乐效价出发,通过ERP技术探讨音乐效价影响音乐情绪的神经机制。45名大一新生(21男)对20个音乐片段(正负性音乐各半)进行愉悦度、唤醒度和熟悉度评定,同时记录愉悦度评估的EEG信号。结果显示:负性音乐诱发的P2(150-250 ms)与LPP(400-900 ms)波幅皆显著大于正性音乐,且负性音乐诱发的P2波峰潜伏期提前。由此实验推断负性音乐诱发的负性情绪早期优先得到个体加工处理,且对其早期与后期的认知评估皆占用更多资源。实验二在实验一的基础上加入归因风格变量,通过ERP技术探讨音乐效价与归因风格交互影响音乐情绪的神经机制。65名大一新生(乐观组33名,17男;悲观组32名,17男)重复实验一程序,同时记录愉悦度评估的EEG信号。结果显示:负性音乐诱发乐观组的P2与LPP波幅皆比悲观组更大,正性音乐诱发两者的P2与LPP波幅则无显著差异;正性音乐诱发乐观组的P2波峰潜伏期比悲观组提前,而负性音乐诱发悲观组的P2波峰潜伏期更小。由此实验推断归因风格对音乐效价影响音乐情绪具有调节作用,乐观与悲观归因风格个体在加工处理正负性音乐的时间进程上存在差异。本文通过三个实验证明了音乐情绪受到音乐效价与归因风格的影响,在未来的研究中将继续深入探讨影响音乐诱发个体情绪的其他因素,尤其是个体情绪因素(抑郁与焦虑)与归因风格交互对音乐情绪的作用,为临床情感性障碍的音乐疗法及其恢复期中的归因风格训练提供更坚实的理论支持。
[Abstract]:Based on the summary of previous studies, this paper adopts the combination of self-reporting task and event-related potential (event-related potential,ERP) technology from the external (music titer) and internal (attributional style) factors that affect musical emotion. Through three experiments, the influence mechanism of musical emotion is discussed, which provides further evidence for the study of the neural mechanism of musical emotion. Based on the basic emotion theory of Ekman and the emotional loop theory of Russell, the preexperiment adopts self-reporting task. The "Chinese emotional Music system" was constructed to provide a rich platform for the selection of materials for the subsequent experiments and for the researchers of music emotion research at home and abroad in the future. Experiment 1: based on the music titer, the ERP technique was used to explore the neural mechanism of music titer affecting musical emotion. Twenty music segments (positive and negative music, half each) were evaluated by 45 freshmen (21 males) for pleasure, arousal and familiarity. At the same time, the EEG signals of pleasure evaluation were recorded. The results showed that the amplitude of P2 (150-250 ms) and LPP (400-900 ms) induced by negative music was significantly larger than that of positive music, and the latency of P2 wave induced by negative music was earlier. It is inferred from the experiment that negative emotion induced by negative music is preferentially processed in the early stage, and the cognitive evaluation of both early and later stage takes up more resources. Experiment 2 added attributional style variable into experiment 1, and explored the neural mechanism of music titer and attribution style influencing musical emotion by ERP technique. 65 freshmen (33 male optimistic group) were involved in experiment 2. In the pessimistic group, 32 men (17 men) repeated the procedure and recorded the EEG signals of pleasure assessment. The results showed that the amplitude of P2 and LPP in positive music induced optimism group was higher than that in pessimistic group, but there was no significant difference between positive music induced optimism group and LPP wave amplitude, and the peak latency of positive music induced optimism group was earlier than that of pessimistic group. In negative music induced pessimism group, P 2 peak latency was much smaller. It is inferred from the experiment that attribution style has a regulating effect on music titer, and there are differences between optimistic and pessimistic attributional styles in the processing of positive and negative music. This paper proves that music emotion is influenced by music titer and attribution style through three experiments, and will continue to explore other factors that affect individual emotion induced by music in the future. In particular, the interaction of individual emotional factors (depression and anxiety) and attributional style on musical emotion provides more solid theoretical support for music therapy of clinical affective disorder and attribution style training during its recovery period.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6

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