方向相似性对不同认知方式个体视觉工作记忆表征的影响
发布时间：2018-09-14 13:26
【摘要】：本研究选用工作记忆的变化觉察范式,以黑色箭头为实验材料,选取客体型与空间型大学生为研究对象,探讨不同认知方式个体对方向相似性不同客体的工作记忆表征的行为和脑机制上的差异。共包含3个实验:实验一采用整体变化觉察范式,探讨随着时间的推移,客体型与空间型个体对方向相似性客体的存储的不同,以及相似性积极效应的产生机制和相似性随时间变化的趋势。实验二采用三选一的再认范式,探讨编码阶段的相似性和提取阶段的相似性共同对不同认知方式个体视觉工作记忆表征的影响。实验三采用ERP慢波考察在工作记忆中加工不同相似性的空间信息时,不同认知方式个体在前额区的激活强度是否存在差异,以及这种差异与相似性存在怎样的关系。概括来说,本研究得到了以下结论。(1)在保持时间较短时,空间型个体对方向不相似任务的记忆表征好于客体型个体,而两类个体对方向相似任务的表征无差异;在保持时间较长时,空间型个体对方向相似和不相似任务的表征均好于客体型个体。(2)当提取方向相似任务时,客体型个体对编码阶段方向不相似任务的表征好于相似任务,而空间型个体对编码阶段方向相似与不相似任务的表征无差异。(3)不同认知方式个体对方向相似性不同客体的工作记忆表征的脑机制不同,在保持阶段,客体型个体对方向不相似任务在前额区的激活强度高于相似任务,而空间型个体对方向相似性不同任务的激活强度无差异。
[Abstract]:In this study, the change perception paradigm of working memory was chosen, the black arrowhead was used as the experimental material, and the object type and space type college students were chosen as the research objects. To explore the differences in behavior and brain mechanism of working memory representations of individuals with different cognitive styles towards different objects. There are three experiments: experiment 1 uses the paradigm of global change awareness to explore the difference between object type and spatial type individuals in the storage of similar objects over time. And the generation mechanism of positive effect of similarity and the trend of similarity changing with time. In experiment 2, the effects of similarity in coding stage and similarity in extraction stage on visual working memory representation of individuals with different cognitive styles were studied by using the recognition paradigm of three choices and one choice. In experiment 3, ERP slow wave was used to investigate whether the activation intensity of individuals in different cognitive styles in the prefrontal region was different when processing spatial information of different similarity in working memory, and how the difference was related to similarity. In summary, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) when the retention time is relatively short, the memory representation of spatial individuals toward dissimilar tasks is better than that of guest type individuals, but there is no difference between the two groups of individuals in the representation of opposite direction similar tasks; When the retention time is longer, the representation of the orientation similarity and dissimilar tasks of spatial individuals is better than that of guest type individuals. (2) when extracting direction similar tasks, guest individuals can represent different direction dissimilar tasks in coding stage better than similar tasks. However, there is no difference in the representation of direction similarity and dissimilar tasks in coding stages among spatial individuals. (3) the working memory representations of individuals with different cognitive styles towards different objects have different brain mechanisms, which are in the maintenance stage. The activation intensity of the dissimilar tasks in the prefrontal region was higher than that in the spatial individuals, but there was no difference among the spatial individuals.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.3
本文编号：2242837
[Abstract]:In this study, the change perception paradigm of working memory was chosen, the black arrowhead was used as the experimental material, and the object type and space type college students were chosen as the research objects. To explore the differences in behavior and brain mechanism of working memory representations of individuals with different cognitive styles towards different objects. There are three experiments: experiment 1 uses the paradigm of global change awareness to explore the difference between object type and spatial type individuals in the storage of similar objects over time. And the generation mechanism of positive effect of similarity and the trend of similarity changing with time. In experiment 2, the effects of similarity in coding stage and similarity in extraction stage on visual working memory representation of individuals with different cognitive styles were studied by using the recognition paradigm of three choices and one choice. In experiment 3, ERP slow wave was used to investigate whether the activation intensity of individuals in different cognitive styles in the prefrontal region was different when processing spatial information of different similarity in working memory, and how the difference was related to similarity. In summary, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) when the retention time is relatively short, the memory representation of spatial individuals toward dissimilar tasks is better than that of guest type individuals, but there is no difference between the two groups of individuals in the representation of opposite direction similar tasks; When the retention time is longer, the representation of the orientation similarity and dissimilar tasks of spatial individuals is better than that of guest type individuals. (2) when extracting direction similar tasks, guest individuals can represent different direction dissimilar tasks in coding stage better than similar tasks. However, there is no difference in the representation of direction similarity and dissimilar tasks in coding stages among spatial individuals. (3) the working memory representations of individuals with different cognitive styles towards different objects have different brain mechanisms, which are in the maintenance stage. The activation intensity of the dissimilar tasks in the prefrontal region was higher than that in the spatial individuals, but there was no difference among the spatial individuals.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.3
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