自我构念对心理性应激反应的影响以及缓冲策略
发布时间：2018-10-08 11:31
【摘要】：心理性应激是个体的内稳态受到社会心理威胁时候的状态。如果应激源持续过强地作用于人体,则可引起持续且严重的生理活动紊乱,最终引发心身疾病。随着对心理性应激研究的深入,研究者们逐渐意识到应激反应的非特异性中也存在着特异性,即相同的心理性应激源作用于不同的个体时,应激的反应程度可能存在着重要的差异,这种差异可能与人格特质和自我构念等因素有关。除此之外,以往研究发现,不同文化的个体在面对心理性应激时,采用与自己本身文化相一致的策略能更有效的缓冲应激。但很少有研究从自我构念入手,讨论心理性应激的个体差异,以及更有效的缓冲策略。实验一通过问卷测量了302名(295名有效)中国大学生的自我构念得分以及日常应激水平,来考察个体自我构念与日常应激水平的关系。结果发现,个体的互依型自我构念水平与日常应激水平呈显著的正相关,而独立型自我构念水平与日常应激水平相关不显著,即互依型自我构念水平越高的个体,在日常生活中会感受到更高水平的应激。实验二通过问卷测量60名大学生的自我构念水平,采用特里尔社会应激任务诱发心理性应激反应,分别启动个体积极社会评价以及控制感来作为缓冲策略。结果发现,互依自我构念越高的个体,其急性心理性应激反应越强。并且在进行积极社会反馈启动后,个体的应激水平显著低于进行高可控感启动后。除此之外,对于高互依自我构念的个体来说,与启动个体的高控制感相比,启动个体的积极社会评价更能有效的降低高互依自我构念个体的应激水平。即对于高互依自我构念的个体来说,积极社会评价是更有效的缓冲策略。综上所述,本研究通过两个实验考察了在中国文化背景下自我构念对个体心理性应激的影响以及启动任务的缓冲作用。结果发现,高互依自我构念的个体会在日常生活中感受到更高水平的应激反应;与个体本身自我构念相一致的启动能够更有效的缓冲心理性应激反应,与启动个体的高控制感相比,启动个体的积极社会评价更能有效的降低高互依自我构念个体的应激水平。以上结果表明了个体心理性应激反应以及缓冲策略可能存在的文化差异。
[Abstract]:Psychological stress is a state in which an individual's homeostasis is threatened by social psychology. If the stress source continues to act too strongly on the human body, it can cause persistent and serious disorder of physiological activities and eventually cause psychosomatic diseases. With the further study of psychological stress, researchers gradually realized that there is also specificity in the non-specificity of stress response, that is, when the same psychological stress source acts on different individuals, There may be important differences in stress response, which may be related to personality traits and self-construction. In addition, previous studies have found that individuals of different cultures can more effectively cushion stress by adopting strategies consistent with their own culture when confronted with psychological stress. However, few studies discuss the individual differences of psychological stress and more effective buffer strategies from the perspective of self-construction. In experiment one, 302 (295 effective) Chinese college students' self-construction scores and daily stress levels were measured to investigate the relationship between individual self-construction and daily stress level. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the level of dependent self-construction and the level of daily stress, but there was no significant correlation between the level of independent self-construction and the level of daily stress, that is, the higher the level of interdependence, the higher the level of self-construction. A higher level of stress is felt in daily life. In experiment two, 60 college students' self-construction level was measured by questionnaire, and psychological stress was induced by Trier's social stress task, and individual positive social evaluation and sense of control were initiated as buffer strategies respectively. The results showed that the higher the self-dependence, the stronger the acute psychological stress response. After positive social feedback, the stress level of the individual was significantly lower than that after the high sense of controllability priming. In addition, for individuals with high interdependence, the positive social evaluation of priming individuals can effectively reduce the stress level of individuals with high interdependence, compared with the high sense of control. That is to say, positive social evaluation is a more effective buffer strategy for individuals with high interdependence. To sum up, the present study investigated the effects of self-construction on individual psychological stress and the buffering effect of initiating tasks under the Chinese cultural background through two experiments. The results showed that individuals with high interdependence and self-construction felt a higher level of stress response in daily life, and that the initiation consistent with the self-construction of the individual could more effectively buffer the psychological stress response. Compared with the high sense of control, the positive social evaluation of the primer can effectively reduce the stress level of the individuals with high interdependence. The above results indicate the possible cultural differences in individual psychological stress response and buffer strategy.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848
本文编号：2256586
[Abstract]:Psychological stress is a state in which an individual's homeostasis is threatened by social psychology. If the stress source continues to act too strongly on the human body, it can cause persistent and serious disorder of physiological activities and eventually cause psychosomatic diseases. With the further study of psychological stress, researchers gradually realized that there is also specificity in the non-specificity of stress response, that is, when the same psychological stress source acts on different individuals, There may be important differences in stress response, which may be related to personality traits and self-construction. In addition, previous studies have found that individuals of different cultures can more effectively cushion stress by adopting strategies consistent with their own culture when confronted with psychological stress. However, few studies discuss the individual differences of psychological stress and more effective buffer strategies from the perspective of self-construction. In experiment one, 302 (295 effective) Chinese college students' self-construction scores and daily stress levels were measured to investigate the relationship between individual self-construction and daily stress level. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the level of dependent self-construction and the level of daily stress, but there was no significant correlation between the level of independent self-construction and the level of daily stress, that is, the higher the level of interdependence, the higher the level of self-construction. A higher level of stress is felt in daily life. In experiment two, 60 college students' self-construction level was measured by questionnaire, and psychological stress was induced by Trier's social stress task, and individual positive social evaluation and sense of control were initiated as buffer strategies respectively. The results showed that the higher the self-dependence, the stronger the acute psychological stress response. After positive social feedback, the stress level of the individual was significantly lower than that after the high sense of controllability priming. In addition, for individuals with high interdependence, the positive social evaluation of priming individuals can effectively reduce the stress level of individuals with high interdependence, compared with the high sense of control. That is to say, positive social evaluation is a more effective buffer strategy for individuals with high interdependence. To sum up, the present study investigated the effects of self-construction on individual psychological stress and the buffering effect of initiating tasks under the Chinese cultural background through two experiments. The results showed that individuals with high interdependence and self-construction felt a higher level of stress response in daily life, and that the initiation consistent with the self-construction of the individual could more effectively buffer the psychological stress response. Compared with the high sense of control, the positive social evaluation of the primer can effectively reduce the stress level of the individuals with high interdependence. The above results indicate the possible cultural differences in individual psychological stress response and buffer strategy.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848
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