形态复杂词加工的认知神经机制

发布时间：2018-10-11 11:18

【摘要】：该文使用事件相关电位(event-related potentials,ERPs)以词汇判断的实验范式探讨了维吾尔语形态复杂词加工的认知神经机制。实验刺激材料设计了4个因素,分别为单语素词(没有带任何词缀)、单语素假词(真词中替换2个音构成)、屈折词(单语素名词后加格附加成分构成)、屈折假词(假词干真词缀的词)。实验材料的长度严格控制在平均词长为6个字母。脑电实验数据显示,屈折词和屈折假词在350~550ms时间窗口出现比较明显的N400效应。其中屈折假词的N400效应是被试加工假词时词汇搜索失败的标志,但屈折词的N400效应则反映了词汇通达时词干和词缀之间的交互作用。另外还发现单语素词、屈折词和屈折假词这三者的认知神经基础也不同。在大脑右半球屈折词引发的负波平均振幅比左半球要大。结果表明:母语为维吾尔语者的被试在加工维吾尔语屈折词时按其语素分解加工,但是加工维吾尔语单语素词时是整体加工及存储的。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the cognitive neural mechanism of Uygur morphological complex word processing was investigated using event-related potentials (event-related potentials,ERPs) as an experimental paradigm of lexical judgment. Four factors were designed to stimulate the material. They are monolingual words (without any affixes), single morpheme falsettes (replacing two syllable structures in true words), inflectional words (monolingual nouns with additional elements) and inflectional falsettes (false stem affixes). The length of the experimental material is strictly controlled at the average word length of 6 letters. EEG data showed that the inflection words and the inflection falsettes had a significant N400 effect in the 350~550ms time window. The N400 effect of inflectional false words is a sign of the failure of lexical search while the N400 effect of inflectional words reflects the interaction between lexical stem and affix. In addition, the cognitive basis of monolingual words, inflectional words and inflectional false words are also found to be different. The average amplitude of negative waves in the right hemisphere is larger than that in the left hemisphere. The results show that the subjects whose mother tongue is Uygur are processed according to their morpheme when processing Uygur inflectional words, but the Uygur monolingual words are processed and stored as a whole.
【作者单位】：清华大学人文学院计算语言学实验室;清华大学心理学与认知科学研究中心;清华大学智能技术与系统国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(91420202,61433015) 国家社会科学基金重大项目(14ZDB154) 教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金青年项目(14YJC740104) 清华大学自主科研项目(20161080056)
【分类号】：B842.1

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