DRM范式下情绪词错误记忆的表征及提取特点
发布时间：2018-10-16 21:16
【摘要】：不同情绪词对正确记忆有显著促进作用的同时,记忆中的错误还表现出情绪效价间的分离,消极词会促进记忆中的错误,而积极词会抑制记忆中的错误。错误记忆作为一种特殊的记忆错误现象,不同情绪词同样会对错误记忆产生不同影响,消极词会促进错误记忆水平,而积极词会抑制错误记忆水平。本研究将通过DRM范式,共设计了三个以情绪词为材料的实验,通过改变学习阶段和提取阶段的任务形式,考察情绪词错误记忆的认知机制。探究是否积极词具有字面表征加工优势,消极词具有要点表征加工优势;积极词和消极词的监测加工机制差异。实验一在学习阶段采用字体判断任务,控制被试对学习词表进行字面表征加工。结果发现,积极词在字体判断任务下具有更强的错误记忆抑制能力,表现出字面表征加工优势;消极词错误记忆水平并没有受实验任务影响,表现出显著高于积极词和中性词的要点加工优势,消极词加工更自动化。实验二在学习阶段采用熟悉度判断任务,控制被试对学习词表进行要点表征加工。结果发现,消极词在熟悉度判断任务下具有更强的错误记忆促进能力,表现出要点表征加工优势;积极词错误记忆水平受实验任务显著影响。实验三在相同学习阶段任务条件下,采用不同再认阶段任务(一般再认/精确再认),进一步探究不同情绪词加工机制差异。结果发现,消极词具有要点表征加工优势,并且加工受任务形式影响小,更自动化;积极词加工受任务形式影响大,在字面表征加工受到抑制的情况下,表现出优于消极词的监测能力,进而抑制错误记忆。三个实验结果表明,不同情绪词错误记忆机制有所不同,积极词具有浅层字面表征加工优势,且监测能力更强,加工机制受实验任务影响较大,只有在任务指向字面加工时其加工优势才得以体现,更偏向控制编码加工。消极词具有深层要点表征加工优势,且监测能力较弱,加工机制受实验任务影响较小,更偏向自动化加工。学习阶段词表性质和加工深度均会影响错误记忆水平,错误记忆的产生不单来自于编码阶段,而是编码阶段和提取阶段共同作用的结果。
[Abstract]:While different emotional words can promote correct memory, the errors in memory also show the separation of emotional potency. Negative words will promote the errors in memory, while positive words will suppress the errors in memory. False memory as a special memory error phenomenon, different emotional words will also have different effects on false memory, negative words will promote the level of false memory, and positive words will inhibit the level of false memory. In this study, we designed three experiments based on DRM paradigm to investigate the cognitive mechanism of emotional word false memory by changing the task form of learning stage and extracting stage. To explore whether positive words have the advantages of literal representation processing, negative words have the advantages of main points representation processing; positive words and negative words monitor processing mechanism differences. In experiment 1, the font judgment task was used to control the literal representation of the learning vocabulary. The results showed that positive words had stronger ability to suppress false memory and showed the advantage of literal representation processing, but the level of negative word false memory was not affected by the experiment task. It showed significant advantages over positive words and neutral words, and negative word processing was more automatic. In the second experiment, familiarity judgment task was used to control the key representation of the learning vocabulary. The results show that negative words have a stronger ability to promote false memory under the task of familiarity judgment, showing the advantage of key representation processing, and that the level of positive word false memory is significantly affected by the experiment task. Under the same learning stage task conditions, experiment 3 uses different recognition stage tasks (general recognition / accurate recognition) to further explore the differences of processing mechanism of different emotional words. The results showed that negative words had the advantage of key representation processing, and the processing was less influenced by task form and more automatic, while positive word processing was greatly influenced by task form, and the literal representation processing was restrained. It shows better monitoring ability than negative words, and then restrains false memory. The results of the three experiments show that different emotional words have different mechanisms of false memory. Positive words have the advantages of shallow literal representation processing and stronger monitoring ability, and the processing mechanism is greatly affected by the experiment task. Only when the task points to the literal processing can its processing advantage be realized, and the control coding process is more preferred. Negative words have the advantages of deep key points, weak monitoring ability, less influence on processing mechanism by experimental tasks, and more preference for automatic processing. The properties and processing depth of vocabulary in learning stage can affect the level of false memory. The generation of false memory comes not only from the coding stage, but also from the result of the coaction between the coding stage and the extraction stage.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B842.3
，
本文编号：2275647
[Abstract]:While different emotional words can promote correct memory, the errors in memory also show the separation of emotional potency. Negative words will promote the errors in memory, while positive words will suppress the errors in memory. False memory as a special memory error phenomenon, different emotional words will also have different effects on false memory, negative words will promote the level of false memory, and positive words will inhibit the level of false memory. In this study, we designed three experiments based on DRM paradigm to investigate the cognitive mechanism of emotional word false memory by changing the task form of learning stage and extracting stage. To explore whether positive words have the advantages of literal representation processing, negative words have the advantages of main points representation processing; positive words and negative words monitor processing mechanism differences. In experiment 1, the font judgment task was used to control the literal representation of the learning vocabulary. The results showed that positive words had stronger ability to suppress false memory and showed the advantage of literal representation processing, but the level of negative word false memory was not affected by the experiment task. It showed significant advantages over positive words and neutral words, and negative word processing was more automatic. In the second experiment, familiarity judgment task was used to control the key representation of the learning vocabulary. The results show that negative words have a stronger ability to promote false memory under the task of familiarity judgment, showing the advantage of key representation processing, and that the level of positive word false memory is significantly affected by the experiment task. Under the same learning stage task conditions, experiment 3 uses different recognition stage tasks (general recognition / accurate recognition) to further explore the differences of processing mechanism of different emotional words. The results showed that negative words had the advantage of key representation processing, and the processing was less influenced by task form and more automatic, while positive word processing was greatly influenced by task form, and the literal representation processing was restrained. It shows better monitoring ability than negative words, and then restrains false memory. The results of the three experiments show that different emotional words have different mechanisms of false memory. Positive words have the advantages of shallow literal representation processing and stronger monitoring ability, and the processing mechanism is greatly affected by the experiment task. Only when the task points to the literal processing can its processing advantage be realized, and the control coding process is more preferred. Negative words have the advantages of deep key points, weak monitoring ability, less influence on processing mechanism by experimental tasks, and more preference for automatic processing. The properties and processing depth of vocabulary in learning stage can affect the level of false memory. The generation of false memory comes not only from the coding stage, but also from the result of the coaction between the coding stage and the extraction stage.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B842.3
，
本文编号：2275647
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