孤儿感恩特点的研究
发布时间：2018-10-24 08:16
【摘要】：感恩是人类重要的积极情感,是人适应社会的重要功能,作为社会最频繁受助群体之一的孤儿,其感恩水平的高期待值与现实是否相符、其感恩水平与普通儿童是否存在差异是孤儿福利机构与社会共同关注的问题。传统的感恩研究大多关注个体外显层面的认知过程,然而随着外显感恩弊端的凸显,对个体内隐感恩的探究尤为必要。本研究的目的就是从内隐认知和外显认知两方面入手,研究孤儿两种感恩的相关程度并比较孤儿与非孤儿的感恩差异。本研究采用问卷调查法与实验法,选取了115名孤儿和普通学龄儿童为被试,进行了以下研究:(1)用不同测量工具:感恩内隐联想测验(IAT)和修订的《青少年感恩量表》(AGS)分别测量孤儿的内隐感恩和外显感恩,并比较两种感恩的相关程度;(2)测量非孤儿的两种感恩水平,并与孤儿进行比较。研究结果表明:(1)孤儿外显感恩的总体水平较高,感恩程度从高到低依次为对他人的感恩,对社会的感恩,对自然的感恩。不同性别的孤儿外显感恩水平不存在显著差异,但是在对他人的感恩分量表上,男女学生存在显著差异。不同年级的孤儿在外显总感恩水平上存在显著差异。(2)孤儿的内隐感恩效应显著,内隐感恩在性别上不存在显著差异,但在年级上差异显著,八年级学生显著低于七年级和九年级。(3)孤儿的内隐感恩和外显感恩相关不显著,属于不同的建构。(4)孤儿与非孤儿在外显感恩测量中差异不显著。孤儿与非孤儿在内隐感恩测量中差异显著,孤儿的内隐感恩水平显著低于非孤儿。
[Abstract]:Gratitude is an important positive emotion of human beings and an important function for people to adapt to society. As one of the most frequently assisted groups in society, the high expectation value of gratitude level is consistent with reality. Whether there is a difference between the level of gratitude and that of ordinary children is a common concern of Orphan Welfare institutions and society. Traditional researches on gratitude mostly focus on the cognitive process of individual explicit level. However, with the obvious disadvantages of explicit gratitude, it is particularly necessary to explore the implicit gratitude of individuals. The purpose of this study is to study the correlation between the two kinds of gratitude from implicit cognition and explicit cognition and to compare the difference of gratitude between orphans and non-orphans. In this study, 115 orphans and children of general school age were selected as subjects by questionnaire and experiment. The following studies were carried out: (1) implicit gratitude and explicit gratitude were measured with different measurement tools: (IAT) and (AGS), respectively. The correlation between the two kinds of gratitude was compared. (2) the levels of two kinds of gratitude were measured and compared with those of the orphans. The results show that: (1) the overall level of explicit gratitude for orphans is higher, the degree of gratitude from high to low is the gratitude to others, the gratitude to society, and the gratitude to nature. There was no significant difference in explicit gratitude level among different genders, but there were significant differences between male and female students in the gratitude component table. There were significant differences in the total level of explicit gratitude among orphans in different grades. (2) the implicit Thanksgiving effect of orphans was significant, while implicit gratitude had no significant difference in gender, but there was significant difference in grade. The eighth grade students are significantly lower than the seventh grade and the ninth grade. (3) there is no significant correlation between implicit gratitude and explicit gratitude of orphans. (4) there is no significant difference between orphans and non-orphans in explicit gratitude measurement. There were significant differences in implicit gratitude between orphans and non-orphans, and the implicit gratitude level of orphans was significantly lower than that of non-orphans.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B844
本文编号：2290832
[Abstract]:Gratitude is an important positive emotion of human beings and an important function for people to adapt to society. As one of the most frequently assisted groups in society, the high expectation value of gratitude level is consistent with reality. Whether there is a difference between the level of gratitude and that of ordinary children is a common concern of Orphan Welfare institutions and society. Traditional researches on gratitude mostly focus on the cognitive process of individual explicit level. However, with the obvious disadvantages of explicit gratitude, it is particularly necessary to explore the implicit gratitude of individuals. The purpose of this study is to study the correlation between the two kinds of gratitude from implicit cognition and explicit cognition and to compare the difference of gratitude between orphans and non-orphans. In this study, 115 orphans and children of general school age were selected as subjects by questionnaire and experiment. The following studies were carried out: (1) implicit gratitude and explicit gratitude were measured with different measurement tools: (IAT) and (AGS), respectively. The correlation between the two kinds of gratitude was compared. (2) the levels of two kinds of gratitude were measured and compared with those of the orphans. The results show that: (1) the overall level of explicit gratitude for orphans is higher, the degree of gratitude from high to low is the gratitude to others, the gratitude to society, and the gratitude to nature. There was no significant difference in explicit gratitude level among different genders, but there were significant differences between male and female students in the gratitude component table. There were significant differences in the total level of explicit gratitude among orphans in different grades. (2) the implicit Thanksgiving effect of orphans was significant, while implicit gratitude had no significant difference in gender, but there was significant difference in grade. The eighth grade students are significantly lower than the seventh grade and the ninth grade. (3) there is no significant correlation between implicit gratitude and explicit gratitude of orphans. (4) there is no significant difference between orphans and non-orphans in explicit gratitude measurement. There were significant differences in implicit gratitude between orphans and non-orphans, and the implicit gratitude level of orphans was significantly lower than that of non-orphans.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B844
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