双选择Oddball范式在行为抑制控制研究中的应用

发布时间：2018-11-11 21:20

【摘要】：行为抑制控制是个体对自身不恰当的、冲动的行为模式的抑制控制.这一功能对于人类的生存适应具有重要意义.Go/Nogo范式和Stop Signal范式(停止信号范式)是研究行为抑制控制及其认知神经基础的经典实验范式.在Go/Nogo范式中,被试仅对Go刺激做按键反应而对Nogo刺激不做反应.因此,该范式反映个体行为抑制控制功能的行为学指标过于依赖正确率,并且在提取抑制相关神经活动指标时难以排除运动相关因素的干扰,另一方面,停止信号范式要求通过梯度变化停止信号间隔,以保证被试在大约50%试次成功停止而另外50%试次停止失败,从而计算出反映行为抑制控制功能的停止信号反应时间,因此该范式损失了准确率指标,并且难以克服Go反应所诱发的神经活动对停止信号所诱发神经激活的污染.鉴于此,本研究组引入了双选择Oddball范式以期有效控制上述干扰因素,从而获得可灵敏反映行为抑制控制功能的综合性行为指标和神经生理指标.以反应时代价与准确率代价为主要行为学指标,双选择Oddball范式已被证实可以用于3个方面的研究:(i)可以用于行为抑制控制功能的个体差异研究(以性别差异为例);(ⅱ)可以用于研究个体内行为抑制控制的影响因素(以情绪及其强度为例);(ⅲ)可以用于物质成瘾的相关研究(以吸烟成瘾为例).这提示双选择Oddball范式可以广泛应用于行为抑制控制能力及其影响因素的灵敏测量与干预评估研究中.
[Abstract]:Behavioral inhibition control is an individual control of inappropriate, impulsive behavior patterns. Go/Nogo paradigm and Stop Signal paradigm (stop signal paradigm) are classical experimental paradigms for the study of behavioral suppression control and its cognitive neural basis. In the Go/Nogo paradigm, the subjects only responded to Go stimuli by keystrokes and not to Nogo stimuli. Therefore, the behavioral index of individual behavioral suppression control function is too dependent on accuracy, and it is difficult to eliminate the interference of motion-related factors when extracting the inhibition neural activity index. The stop signal paradigm requires that the stop signal interval be changed by gradient to ensure that the participants successfully stop at about 50% of the time and the other 50% fail to stop, so as to calculate the response time of the stop signal, which reflects the behavior inhibition control function. Therefore, this paradigm loses the accuracy index, and it is difficult to overcome the pollution of nerve activity induced by Go response to the neural activation induced by the stop signal. In view of this, we introduced a double-selective Oddball paradigm in order to effectively control the above interference factors, so as to obtain a comprehensive behavioral index and neurophysiological index which can reflect the control function of behavioral inhibition. Taking the cost of reaction time and the cost of accuracy as the main behavioral index, the dual-selection Oddball paradigm has been proved to be applicable to the study of individual differences in behavioral suppression control function in three aspects (gender differences). (II) it can be used to study the influencing factors of behavior inhibition control in individuals (take emotion and its intensity as an example); (III) and can be used in the study of substance addiction (taking smoking addiction as an example). This suggests that the dual-selective Oddball paradigm can be widely used in the sensitive measurement and intervention evaluation of behavioral inhibition control and its influencing factors.
【作者单位】：西南大学心理学部认知与人格教育部重点实验室;深圳大学心理与社会学院脑功能与心理科学研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(批准号:31671164,31371042)资助
【分类号】：B848.4

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