当真父债子偿吗？血缘关系对道德判断的影响
发布时间：2018-11-15 22:02
【摘要】：Uhlmann et al.(2012)所作的实证研究表明,个体的道德污点可以在其具有血缘关系的家族成员内传播。换言之,相比于不存在生物学关联(无血缘关系)的个体,与具有道德污点的人存在血缘关系的个体更容易被判断为在道德上有亏的人。Uhlmann et al.(2012)的研究结果支持了血缘关系影响道德判断的假设,其所揭示的这一现象和规律其意义引人深思。然而,在Uhlmann et al.(2012)取得令人欢欣的结果的同时,我们也想要了解：Uhlmann et al.(2012)的研究结果在中国文化背景下是否能够得到验证?血缘关系对道德判断的影响是否会从特定事件和行为泛化到其他事件和行为上?血缘关系对道德判断的影响作用如何调节? 因此,本研究通过3个实验,考察血缘关系对道德判断的影响。实验1a与实验1b分别在个体并没有从其血亲的不道德行为中获益的情况下与个体与其不道德血亲无任何情感联系的情况下,考察被试在不同血缘关系条件下对个体扶助义务的评定以及对该个体的道德判断等,以检验Uhlmann等人(2012)所作的研究。实验2采用替代性惩罚的研究范式,并引入“被试角度”这—因素,进一步考察血缘对道德判断的影响。实验3则在实验1与实验2的基础上为部分被试提供有关个体会受到其血亲污染的特定知识,使其在进行判断时处于一种审慎的心向,探究如何调节血缘关系在道德判断中的影响作用。 研究结果发现： (1)在个体并没有从其血亲的不道德行为中获益的情况下,被试对不同血缘关系条件的个体的扶助义务评定存在显著差异。相比于与具有道德污点的人无血缘关系的个体,被试把与具有道德污点的人有血缘关系的个体评定为更有义务对事件受害人的后代进行扶助。 (2)在个体与其不道德血亲无任何情感联系的情况下,被试对不同血缘关系条件的个体的道德判断存在差异。相比于与具有道德污点的人无血缘关系的个体,被试对与具有道德污点的人有血缘关系的个体进行更严厉的道德判断。 (3)处于不同血缘关系条件组的被试对个体遭受替代性惩罚的可接受程度评定存在差异。相比于不道德行为人的非血亲后代,被试将针对不道德行为人的血亲后代实施的替代性惩罚评定为更可接受。 (4)处于不同被试角度条件组的被试对替代性惩罚的道德程度和认可接受程度的评定存在差异。相比处于原始事件施害方的被试,处于原始事件受害方的被试把替代性惩罚的实施评定为更道德,也更认可替代性惩罚的实施。 (5)为被试提供有关血缘关系会影响道德判断的特定知识可以调节血缘关系对捐助金额评定的影响。即,被预先告知特定知识的被试与不被预先告知特定知识的被试,对与不道德者具有血缘关系的婴儿所进行的捐助金额评定存在显著差异,而对与不道德者具有血缘关系的婴儿所进行的捐助金额评定则不存在差异。
[Abstract]:An empirical study by Uhlmann et al. (2012 shows that an individual's moral stains can be transmitted within his or her kindred family members. In other words, compared to individuals who do not have a biological association (no blood relationship), The results of the study,. Uhlmann et al. (2012, supported the hypothesis that kinship affects moral judgment, which is more likely to be judged as morally deficient by individuals who have blood ties with people with moral stains. The phenomenon and law it reveals is thought-provoking. However, at the same time that the Uhlmann et al. (2012) results are exhilarating, we also want to know if the findings of: Uhlmann et al. (2012) can be verified in the context of Chinese culture. Will the influence of kinship on moral judgment be generalized from specific events and behaviors to other events and behaviors? How to regulate the influence of blood relationship on moral judgment? Therefore, three experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of blood relationship on moral judgment. Experiment 1a and experiment 1b had no emotional connection with their unethical blood relatives if the individual did not benefit from the immoral behavior of his blood relatives, In order to test the research done by Uhlmann et al. (2012), the evaluation of the individual's obligation to assist and the moral judgment of the individual were investigated under different consanguinity conditions. Experiment 2 adopts the research paradigm of alternative punishment and introduces the factor of "subject angle" to further investigate the influence of blood relationship on moral judgment. Experiment 3, on the basis of experiments 1 and 2, provided some of the subjects with specific knowledge that individuals might be contaminated by their blood relatives, so that they were in a prudent direction in their judgment. Explore how to regulate the influence of blood relationship in moral judgment. The results showed that: (1) when the individuals did not benefit from the immoral behavior of their blood relatives, there were significant differences in the evaluation of the aiding obligations of the individuals with different blood relationship conditions. Compared with the individuals who had no blood relationship with the people with moral stain, the subjects rated the individuals who had blood ties with the people with moral stains as having more obligation to assist the offspring of the victims of the incident. (2) when there was no emotional relationship between the individual and their unethical blood relatives, there were differences in the moral judgment of the subjects with different blood relationship conditions. Compared with the individuals who had no blood relationship with the people with moral stains, the subjects made more severe moral judgments on the individuals who had blood relations with the people with moral stains. (3) there were differences in the acceptability of the individuals who were subject to alternative punishment in different consanguinity groups. The subjects rated the alternative punishment imposed on the blood and offspring of the immoral perpetrator as more acceptable than that of the non-blood offspring of the immoral perpetrator. (4) there were differences in the evaluation of the moral degree and acceptance of alternative punishment among the subjects in different angle groups. Compared with the subjects who were in the original event victimizer, the subjects who were in the original event injured party rated the implementation of alternative punishment as more moral and more acceptable to the implementation of alternative punishment. (5) providing specific knowledge about the influence of blood relationship on moral judgment can regulate the influence of blood relationship on the evaluation of donor amount. That is, there was a significant difference in the amount of donation between those who were informed of specific knowledge in advance and those who were not informed of specific knowledge in advance. There was no difference in the amount of money donated to infants who were related to the immoral.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B848
本文编号：2334521
[Abstract]:An empirical study by Uhlmann et al. (2012 shows that an individual's moral stains can be transmitted within his or her kindred family members. In other words, compared to individuals who do not have a biological association (no blood relationship), The results of the study,. Uhlmann et al. (2012, supported the hypothesis that kinship affects moral judgment, which is more likely to be judged as morally deficient by individuals who have blood ties with people with moral stains. The phenomenon and law it reveals is thought-provoking. However, at the same time that the Uhlmann et al. (2012) results are exhilarating, we also want to know if the findings of: Uhlmann et al. (2012) can be verified in the context of Chinese culture. Will the influence of kinship on moral judgment be generalized from specific events and behaviors to other events and behaviors? How to regulate the influence of blood relationship on moral judgment? Therefore, three experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of blood relationship on moral judgment. Experiment 1a and experiment 1b had no emotional connection with their unethical blood relatives if the individual did not benefit from the immoral behavior of his blood relatives, In order to test the research done by Uhlmann et al. (2012), the evaluation of the individual's obligation to assist and the moral judgment of the individual were investigated under different consanguinity conditions. Experiment 2 adopts the research paradigm of alternative punishment and introduces the factor of "subject angle" to further investigate the influence of blood relationship on moral judgment. Experiment 3, on the basis of experiments 1 and 2, provided some of the subjects with specific knowledge that individuals might be contaminated by their blood relatives, so that they were in a prudent direction in their judgment. Explore how to regulate the influence of blood relationship in moral judgment. The results showed that: (1) when the individuals did not benefit from the immoral behavior of their blood relatives, there were significant differences in the evaluation of the aiding obligations of the individuals with different blood relationship conditions. Compared with the individuals who had no blood relationship with the people with moral stain, the subjects rated the individuals who had blood ties with the people with moral stains as having more obligation to assist the offspring of the victims of the incident. (2) when there was no emotional relationship between the individual and their unethical blood relatives, there were differences in the moral judgment of the subjects with different blood relationship conditions. Compared with the individuals who had no blood relationship with the people with moral stains, the subjects made more severe moral judgments on the individuals who had blood relations with the people with moral stains. (3) there were differences in the acceptability of the individuals who were subject to alternative punishment in different consanguinity groups. The subjects rated the alternative punishment imposed on the blood and offspring of the immoral perpetrator as more acceptable than that of the non-blood offspring of the immoral perpetrator. (4) there were differences in the evaluation of the moral degree and acceptance of alternative punishment among the subjects in different angle groups. Compared with the subjects who were in the original event victimizer, the subjects who were in the original event injured party rated the implementation of alternative punishment as more moral and more acceptable to the implementation of alternative punishment. (5) providing specific knowledge about the influence of blood relationship on moral judgment can regulate the influence of blood relationship on the evaluation of donor amount. That is, there was a significant difference in the amount of donation between those who were informed of specific knowledge in advance and those who were not informed of specific knowledge in advance. There was no difference in the amount of money donated to infants who were related to the immoral.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B848
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相关期刊论文 前3条
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