比例推理的过度使用及其认知机制:一项发展性的负启动研究
发布时间：2018-11-20 16:32
【摘要】：从抑制控制模型出发,采用负启动范式探究过度使用比例推理的认知机制。研究包括3个实验,以小学生、中学生和大学生为被试,分别考察了抑制控制在解决缺值应用题、图片推理任务中的作用,以及数字比(整数比、非整数比)是否对抑制控制过程有影响。结果发现:小学生、中学生和大学生在两类实验任务中均出现了负启动效应,但负启动量不存在年级差异;在图片推理任务中,不同数字比类型下的负启动量具有显著差异。研究结果支持了抑制控制模型的观点,即成功解决问题不仅需要掌握问题的内在逻辑,更需要对不恰当策略进行抑制;在解决问题的过程中,无论是儿童、青少年还是成人都需要抑制控制的参与,三者在抑制控制效率上没有差异;数字比类型对抑制过程有影响,但仅限于图片推理问题。
[Abstract]:Based on the inhibition control model, negative priming paradigm is used to explore the cognitive mechanism of excessive use of proportional reasoning. The study consisted of three experiments, including primary, middle and college students. The effects of inhibition control on the problem solving, the task of picture reasoning, and the integer ratio (integer ratio) were investigated, respectively. Whether the non-integer ratio) has an effect on the suppression control process. The results showed that there was a negative priming effect in primary school students, middle school students and college students in the two kinds of experimental tasks, but there was no difference in the amount of negative priming in grade, and there was significant difference in the negative priming amount under different number ratio types in the task of picture reasoning. The research results support the viewpoint of the inhibition control model, that is, to solve the problem successfully not only needs to master the internal logic of the problem, but also needs to restrain the inappropriate strategy. In the process of solving the problem, both children, adolescents and adults need to participate in inhibition control, and there is no difference in the efficiency of inhibition control among the three groups. The type of digital ratio has influence on the inhibition process, but it is limited to the problem of picture reasoning.
【作者单位】： 北京师范大学心理学院;深圳大学心理与社会学院;
【分类号】：B842.1
本文编号：2345405
[Abstract]:Based on the inhibition control model, negative priming paradigm is used to explore the cognitive mechanism of excessive use of proportional reasoning. The study consisted of three experiments, including primary, middle and college students. The effects of inhibition control on the problem solving, the task of picture reasoning, and the integer ratio (integer ratio) were investigated, respectively. Whether the non-integer ratio) has an effect on the suppression control process. The results showed that there was a negative priming effect in primary school students, middle school students and college students in the two kinds of experimental tasks, but there was no difference in the amount of negative priming in grade, and there was significant difference in the negative priming amount under different number ratio types in the task of picture reasoning. The research results support the viewpoint of the inhibition control model, that is, to solve the problem successfully not only needs to master the internal logic of the problem, but also needs to restrain the inappropriate strategy. In the process of solving the problem, both children, adolescents and adults need to participate in inhibition control, and there is no difference in the efficiency of inhibition control among the three groups. The type of digital ratio has influence on the inhibition process, but it is limited to the problem of picture reasoning.
【作者单位】： 北京师范大学心理学院;深圳大学心理与社会学院;
【分类号】：B842.1
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