大学生手机依赖与人格及社交焦虑的关系研究

发布时间：2018-11-25 16:41

【摘要】：科技的发展给人们的日常生活带来了极大的便利,手机的便捷性和实用性,使得智能手机的使用人数不断增加,使用时间不断增长。不可否认手机的使用提高了人们的生活质量,带来了乐趣;但是随着手机使用所带来的消极影响也不容小觑。因此本研究采用问卷法和访谈法相结合的方法,以在校大学生为研究对象,以分层取样为原则,选取被试。通过三次施测,并利用SPSS 19.0和AMOS 21.0对数据进行分析处理编制《大学生手机依赖量表》,验证大学生手机依赖的人口学变量特点,并结合人格、社交焦虑变量,建构结构方程模型,探讨三因素之间的作用路径,论证影响大学生手机依赖的心理学因素,其结果如下:1.自编的大学生手机依赖量表(College students' Mobile phone Dependence Scale,CMDS),共22题,采用5级评分法,得分为71.76±15.33,得分越高手机依赖水平越高,共分为突显性、情绪性、沉溺性和戒断性4个维度,量表的Cronbach α系数为0.86,重测信度为0.92,量表具有较好的信效度。2.大学生手机依赖总体上呈正态分布,手机依赖在性别、年级和户籍上存在显著差异。大学生的手机依赖水平在戒断性中,男生的依赖水平要显著低于女生,在总分上女生的手机依赖水平要显著高于男生;年级上存在显著的差异,其中突显性和戒断性上大二年级显著高于其它年级;城镇大学生的手机依赖程度显著高于农村。3.手机依赖与社交焦虑、神经质有显著的正相关,与人格特质中的外向性、开放性、宜人性和严谨性呈显著负相关。4.手机依赖程度不同的大学生的人格特质和社交焦虑有显著差异。手机依赖的高分组学生相对于低分组的神经质水平和社交焦虑水平更高,而外向性、开放性、宜人性和严谨性的水平相比而言更低;社交焦虑水平高。5.采用结构方程模型的数据分析方法对社交焦虑在人格特质和手机依赖之间的中介关系进行探讨。大学生群体中,社交焦虑在人格特质和手机依赖之间起到了中介作用,人格特质可以直接作用于手机依赖,也可以通过社交焦虑这一中介变量间接地影响手机依赖。因此本研究结论是自编的大学生手机依赖问卷符合实际情况,具有较好的信度效度,能够作为测量大学生手机依赖水平的有效工具;社交焦虑在人格和手机依赖之间起到了中介作用,人格不仅可以直接作用于手机依赖还可以通过手机依赖间接影响手机依赖水平。
[Abstract]:The development of science and technology brings great convenience to people's daily life. The convenience and practicability of mobile phone make the number of people using smart phone increase and the time of use increase. There is no denying that the use of mobile phones improves the quality of life and brings fun, but the negative impact of mobile phone use is not to be underestimated. Therefore, this study adopts the method of questionnaire and interview, taking the college students as the research object, taking stratified sampling as the principle, and selecting the subjects. Through three tests and using SPSS 19.0 and AMOS 21.0 to analyze and process the data to compile the college students' mobile phone dependence scale, to verify the demographic variables characteristics of college students' mobile phone dependence, and to combine personality and social anxiety variables. The structure equation model is constructed, the action path between three factors is discussed, and the psychological factors that affect the cell phone dependence of college students are demonstrated. The results are as follows: 1. The self-designed Mobile phone dependence scale (College students' Mobile phone Dependence Scale,CMDS) for college students was 22 questions. The score was 71.76 卤15.33. The higher the score was, the higher the level of cell phone dependence was, which was divided into salience and emotion. The Cronbach 伪 coefficient of the scale was 0.86, the test-retest reliability was 0.92, and the scale had good reliability and validity. The cell phone dependence of college students is normal, and there are significant differences in gender, grade and household registration. The level of cell phone dependence of college students is significantly lower than that of female students in withdrawal, and the mobile phone dependence level of female students is significantly higher than that of male students in the total score. There were significant differences in grade, among which, the degree of cell phone dependence of urban college students was significantly higher than that of other grades, and the degree of cell phone dependence of urban college students was significantly higher than that of rural students, and that of urban college students was significantly higher than that of other grades. Cell phone dependence was positively correlated with social anxiety, neuroticism, and negatively correlated with extroversion, openness, amenity and preciseness of personality traits. There were significant differences in personality traits and social anxiety among college students with different degree of cell phone dependence. The high score group of mobile phone dependent students had higher levels of neuroticism and social anxiety than those of the low group, while the levels of extroversion, openness, humanity and rigour were lower, and the level of social anxiety was higher than that of the low group, and the level of social anxiety was 5. 5%. The data analysis method of structural equation model was used to study the intermediary relationship of social anxiety between personality traits and mobile phone dependence. Among college students, social anxiety plays an intermediary role between personality traits and mobile phone dependence. Personality trait can directly affect mobile phone dependence, or indirectly affect mobile phone dependence through social anxiety. Therefore, the conclusion of this study is that the self-designed mobile phone dependence questionnaire is in line with the actual situation, has a good reliability and validity, and can be used as an effective tool to measure the level of cell phone dependence of college students. Social anxiety plays an intermediary role between personality and mobile phone dependence. Personality can not only directly affect mobile phone dependence, but also indirectly affect mobile phone dependence level through mobile phone dependence.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

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