情绪唤醒与编码方式对项目间联结再认影响的ERP研究
发布时间：2018-11-28 11:43
【摘要】：现实生活中我们所经历的事件大多是以情景记忆的形式进行保存的。联结记忆是在情景记忆范畴下,除项目记忆之外研究者们关注的另一个重点。双加工模型认为,再认由两种在神经上和功能上相分离的熟悉性和回想两种加工过程所支持。研究者们普遍认为,对单个项目的再认可以同时被熟悉性和回想支持,但在联结再认任务中,对新异情景联系的提取必须有回想加工的参与,因而联结记忆并不能通过熟悉性的加工过程而获取(Hockley et al.,1999;Yonelinas,1997)。Yonelinas(2002)提出的一体化假说(unitization hypothesis)为回想支持联结记忆的加工过程提供了可能性。采取联结再认三键范式的ERPs研究大都在可一体化程度较高材料的提取阶段发现了指向熟悉性的FN400效应,支持了一体化假说。但先前研究较少考察唤醒项目对可一体化程度不同材料联结记忆的影响,情绪是否会造成不同信息之间联结的差异这一点很值得研究。此外,先前研究均涉及对项目对的有意编码任务,鲜有研究关注对可一体化程度较高材料联结关系的无意编码能否支持一体化假说。基于前人研究,本研究使用联结再认的三键判断范式,共包括两个实验,共同探讨情绪唤醒与无意编码方式对项目间联结再认的影响。实验1采用2(语义相关性:相关,不相关)×3(反应类型:原配,重组,新)的被试内实验设计,对有意编码条件下个体对中性-消极客体图片对的项目间联结记忆进行了研究。实验2在实验1和前人研究的基础之上采用ERPs技术考察了无意编码方式下情绪唤醒对项目间联结再认的影响。实验为2(情绪唤醒:中性组,唤醒组)×2(语义相关性:相关,不相关)×3(反应类型:原配,重组,新)的混合实验设计,情绪唤醒为被试间变量。其中,唤醒组被试的编码材料与实验1中相同,均为中性-消极图片对;中性组被试编码的材料则与前人研究材料相似(中性-中性图片对),两组被试均对刺激材料进行数量判断任务,并不主动记忆联结。因变量为项目间联结再认的正确率、正确反应的反应时、错误反应的类型以及联结记忆研究中涉及到的两种ERP“新旧”效应的指标,即反映熟悉性的FN400和反映回想的LPC。本研究得出如下结论:(1)无意编码条件下,情绪唤醒会削弱语义不相关材料的联结再认;(2)材料的语义相关性会促进一体化表征的形成,提高联结再认成绩;(3)ERP结果表明,熟悉性和回想共同影响着中性语义相关材料的联结再认;(4)学习阶段材料本身的语义相关性对项目间联结再认有重要影响。
[Abstract]:In real life, most of the events we experience are preserved in the form of situational memory. In the context of situational memory, connective memory is another focus of attention in addition to item memory. According to the dual processing model, recognition is supported by two processes, familiarity and recall, which are neurologically and functionally separated. Researchers generally agree that recognition of a single project can be supported by familiarity and recall, but recall processing must be involved in the extraction of new and unusual scenario connections in the associative recognition task. Therefore, associative memory cannot obtain (Hockley et al.,1999; through the familiar processing process. The integration hypothesis (unitization hypothesis) proposed by Yonelinas,1997). Yonelinas (2002 provides the possibility for recall to support the processing of associative memory. Most of the ERPs studies using the associative recognition triple bond paradigm have found the FN400 effect pointing to familiarity in the extraction stage of materials with higher degree of integration, which supports the integration hypothesis. However, previous studies have done little to investigate the effects of arousal items on connective memory with different levels of integration, and it is worth studying whether emotion leads to differences in connection between different information. In addition, previous studies have focused on the intentional coding of item pairs, and few studies have focused on whether unintentional coding in relation to highly integrated materials supports the integration hypothesis. Based on previous studies, this study uses the three-key judgment paradigm of association recognition, including two experiments, to explore the effects of emotional arousal and unintentional coding on inter-item association recognition. Experiment 1 was designed by using 2 (semantic correlation: correlation, irrelevant) 脳 3 (response type: original, recombinant, new). In this paper, we study the interitem associative memory of neutral-negative object image pairs under intentional coding. In experiment 2, based on experiment 1 and previous studies, the effects of emotional arousal on inter-item association recognition under unintentional coding were investigated by using ERPs technique. The experiment was designed as a mixed experiment of 2 (emotional arousal: neutral group, arousal group) 脳 2 (semantic correlation: correlation, irrelevant) 脳 3 (response type: original, recombination, new), and emotional arousal was used as a variable between subjects. The coding materials of the arousal group were the same as those in experiment 1, which were both neutral and negative picture pairs. The materials encoded in neutral group were similar to those in previous studies (neutral picture pair). The dependent variables are the correct rate of inter-item association recognition, the response time of correct reaction, the type of error reaction and the two indexes of "old and new" effect of ERP involved in the study of associative memory, that is, FN400 reflecting familiarity and LPC. reflecting recall. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) emotional arousal weakens the recognition of semantic irrelevant materials under unintentional coding conditions; (2) semantic correlation of materials promotes the formation of integrated representation and improves the performance of association recognition; (3) ERP results show that familiarity and recall affect the association recognition of neutral semantic related materials, and (4) the semantic correlation of learning materials has an important effect on the inter-item association recognition.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842
本文编号：2362734
[Abstract]:In real life, most of the events we experience are preserved in the form of situational memory. In the context of situational memory, connective memory is another focus of attention in addition to item memory. According to the dual processing model, recognition is supported by two processes, familiarity and recall, which are neurologically and functionally separated. Researchers generally agree that recognition of a single project can be supported by familiarity and recall, but recall processing must be involved in the extraction of new and unusual scenario connections in the associative recognition task. Therefore, associative memory cannot obtain (Hockley et al.,1999; through the familiar processing process. The integration hypothesis (unitization hypothesis) proposed by Yonelinas,1997). Yonelinas (2002 provides the possibility for recall to support the processing of associative memory. Most of the ERPs studies using the associative recognition triple bond paradigm have found the FN400 effect pointing to familiarity in the extraction stage of materials with higher degree of integration, which supports the integration hypothesis. However, previous studies have done little to investigate the effects of arousal items on connective memory with different levels of integration, and it is worth studying whether emotion leads to differences in connection between different information. In addition, previous studies have focused on the intentional coding of item pairs, and few studies have focused on whether unintentional coding in relation to highly integrated materials supports the integration hypothesis. Based on previous studies, this study uses the three-key judgment paradigm of association recognition, including two experiments, to explore the effects of emotional arousal and unintentional coding on inter-item association recognition. Experiment 1 was designed by using 2 (semantic correlation: correlation, irrelevant) 脳 3 (response type: original, recombinant, new). In this paper, we study the interitem associative memory of neutral-negative object image pairs under intentional coding. In experiment 2, based on experiment 1 and previous studies, the effects of emotional arousal on inter-item association recognition under unintentional coding were investigated by using ERPs technique. The experiment was designed as a mixed experiment of 2 (emotional arousal: neutral group, arousal group) 脳 2 (semantic correlation: correlation, irrelevant) 脳 3 (response type: original, recombination, new), and emotional arousal was used as a variable between subjects. The coding materials of the arousal group were the same as those in experiment 1, which were both neutral and negative picture pairs. The materials encoded in neutral group were similar to those in previous studies (neutral picture pair). The dependent variables are the correct rate of inter-item association recognition, the response time of correct reaction, the type of error reaction and the two indexes of "old and new" effect of ERP involved in the study of associative memory, that is, FN400 reflecting familiarity and LPC. reflecting recall. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) emotional arousal weakens the recognition of semantic irrelevant materials under unintentional coding conditions; (2) semantic correlation of materials promotes the formation of integrated representation and improves the performance of association recognition; (3) ERP results show that familiarity and recall affect the association recognition of neutral semantic related materials, and (4) the semantic correlation of learning materials has an important effect on the inter-item association recognition.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842
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