提取练习效应的产生机制:编码、提取的整合演变
发布时间：2018-11-29 11:44
【摘要】：提取练习效应指相比同等时间的重复学习,对所学材料进行提取练习(即使无反馈)可使被试在之后的回忆测验中表现更好。早期研究从编码或提取单维度地对提取练习效应进行了描述性解释,新近以来,研究者整合了编码和提取在提取练习效应中的作用,从记忆加工全过程的角度考察了提取练习效应的产生机制,并得到诸多研究证据的支持。论文梳理了提取练习效应产生机制的各类假说,并重点分析比较了精细提取假说和情景背景假说,指出后者在解释提取练习效应上的优势。未来研究可结合认知神经科学的研究技术为情景背景假说提供更直接的证据,有关提取练习对于短期和长期记忆促进效果的争议也有待进一步解释厘清,同时如何在揭示其原理的基础上将其更高效地加以应用亦有待实践探索。
[Abstract]:The effect of extraction exercise means that the extraction exercise (even without feedback) of the materials learned can make the subjects perform better in the later recall test than repeated learning in the same time. Earlier studies have described the effects of extraction exercises from a single dimension of coding or extraction. Recently, researchers have integrated the role of coding and extraction in the effects of extraction exercises. From the point of view of the whole process of memory processing, the mechanism of extraction exercise effect is investigated, and it is supported by many evidences. This paper combs the various hypotheses of the mechanism of extraction exercise effect, and analyzes and compares the fine extraction hypothesis and the scenario background hypothesis, and points out the advantages of the latter in explaining the extraction exercise effect. Future studies may provide more direct evidence for situational background hypotheses in combination with cognitive neuroscience techniques, and the controversy over the effects of extraction exercises on short- and long-term memory promotion needs to be further explained. At the same time, how to apply it more efficiently on the basis of revealing its principle remains to be explored.
【作者单位】： 福建师范大学教育学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金“十二五”规划2014年度教育学青年课题(CBA140144):基于提取和反馈的计算机辅助二语词汇习得模式研究
【分类号】：B842.3
本文编号：2364904
[Abstract]:The effect of extraction exercise means that the extraction exercise (even without feedback) of the materials learned can make the subjects perform better in the later recall test than repeated learning in the same time. Earlier studies have described the effects of extraction exercises from a single dimension of coding or extraction. Recently, researchers have integrated the role of coding and extraction in the effects of extraction exercises. From the point of view of the whole process of memory processing, the mechanism of extraction exercise effect is investigated, and it is supported by many evidences. This paper combs the various hypotheses of the mechanism of extraction exercise effect, and analyzes and compares the fine extraction hypothesis and the scenario background hypothesis, and points out the advantages of the latter in explaining the extraction exercise effect. Future studies may provide more direct evidence for situational background hypotheses in combination with cognitive neuroscience techniques, and the controversy over the effects of extraction exercises on short- and long-term memory promotion needs to be further explained. At the same time, how to apply it more efficiently on the basis of revealing its principle remains to be explored.
【作者单位】： 福建师范大学教育学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金“十二五”规划2014年度教育学青年课题(CBA140144):基于提取和反馈的计算机辅助二语词汇习得模式研究
【分类号】：B842.3
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，本文编号：2364904
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