三种材料类型和两种情景产生方式下的生存记忆优势效应

发布时间：2018-12-09 10:20

【摘要】：为了考察在不同的记忆材料和情景产生方式下是否出现生存记忆优势效应，以大学生为被试，分别以汉语双字词汇、汉语句子和科普短文为实验材料，分别采用言语提示和阅读故事两种方式产生不同的生存情景，以被试的自由回忆测验成绩为因变量，进行了四项实验研究：实验一以31个汉语双字词汇为实验材料，在言语提示所产生的生存情景下，考察被试在两种不同的生存情景下对所评估的汉语词汇的自由回忆成绩。实验结果表明，学习汉语词汇出现了生存记忆优势效应。实验二采用汉语双字词汇和汉语句子两种实验材料，考察被试在两种生存情景下的自由回忆成绩。结果显示：在言语提示所产生的生存情景下，，学习汉语词汇和短句，均出现了生存记忆优势效应。而且学习句子的生存记忆优势效应比学习词汇更明显。实验三沿用实验二中的句子材料，先让两组被试分别阅读一篇短文产生两种不同情景，并在各自的情景下评价句子。考察被试在分心任务后对句子的回忆成绩。结果显示，在阅读故事所产生的生存情景下，学习汉语短句不仅出现生存记忆优势效应，而且比在言语提示所产生的生存情景下的生存记忆优势效应更明显。实验四的实验材料是一篇科普内容的汉语短文，考察被试在阅读故事产生的情景下对该短文自由回忆的成绩。结果显示，在阅读故事所产生的生存情景下，学习汉语短文也出现生存记忆优势效应。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the existence and memory advantage effect in different memory materials and situations, the college students were selected as subjects, and Chinese double-character vocabulary, Chinese sentences and popular science essays were used as experimental materials, respectively. Four experiments were conducted using speech cues and reading stories to produce different living situations. The results of the free recall test were used as dependent variables. In experiment one, 31 Chinese double-character words were used as experimental materials. In the context of the existence of speech cues, the subjects' scores of free recall of the evaluated Chinese vocabulary were investigated in two different survival scenarios. The experimental results show that Chinese vocabulary learning has the advantage of survival and memory. In the second experiment, two kinds of experimental materials, Chinese double-character vocabulary and Chinese sentence, were used to investigate the results of free recall in the two living situations. The results showed that the survival memory advantage effect was found in learning Chinese vocabulary and short sentences under the living situation of speech cues. Moreover, the survival and memory advantage of sentence learning is more obvious than that of vocabulary learning. In experiment 3, using the sentence materials of experiment 2, the two groups of subjects were asked to read a short passage to produce two different situations, and to evaluate the sentences in their respective situations. The results of recall of sentences after distraction tasks were investigated. The results show that learning Chinese short sentences not only has the advantage effect of survival memory, but also is more obvious than that under the situation of speech cues. The experimental material of experiment 4 is a Chinese short essay with popular science content, which is used to investigate the achievement of the subjects' free recall of the passage under the situation of reading the story. The results show that the survival memory advantage of learning Chinese short text is also found in the survival situation of reading stories.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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