他人结果评估中性别的调节作用，一项脑电研究
发布时间：2018-12-09 20:28
【摘要】：反馈相关负波(Feedback Related Negativity,FRN)是在负性结果呈现后的200-350ms之间,出现在头皮中前部的负波。研究者认为其反映了人脑对负性结果或者预期违背的觉察。以往对FRN的研究大多是被测量者本人参与到任务中,考查评估自己的输赢诱发的脑电成分,较少有探究当看到其他人输赢后,评估他人结果诱发的脑电反应。本研究包括两个实验。实验一考察当看到自己输赢和同性他人输赢时被试的脑电变化,实验二考察评估自己输赢和评估异性他人输赢时被试的脑电变化。结果如下:1、实验一中,输钱条件比赢钱条件诱发更大的FRN,这与前人的类似研究一致。另外,评估自己反馈比评估他人反馈诱发更大的FRN,尤其对于男性被试而言,这种结果不仅表现在FRN上,也表现在P300结果上。这说明,被试在评估他人输赢结果的时候,虽然有一定的同理心,但是与评估自己的结果相比,被试更关注自己结果,尤其是男性被试。2.实验二中,首先输钱比赢钱诱发更大的FRN,这符合前人同样的实验条件的结果。与实验一不同的是,当评估他人的结果时候,如果是评估的异性他人,被试的同理心增强,表现为评估自己和评估他人结果时候FRN波幅没有差异。当然,在P300阶段,评估自己诱发了更大的波幅,还表现出对自己的结果更关注。通过以上研究,我们可以得出两个结论。第一,观察别人的得失,可以进行相应的结果评估,也会产生相应的反馈相关负波,但是评估别人结果诱发的FRN和P300要比评估自己结果诱发的FRN和P300波幅小;第二,这种观察别人结果过程中产生的FRN会受到观察者的性别,以及被观察者的性别的调节。当评估别人的结果是评估异性他人时候,诱发的FRN与评估自己的没有差异,同理心较强;而当评估他人的结果是评估同性他人的时候,诱发的FRN波幅比评估自己的结果要小。
[Abstract]:Feedback correlation negative wave (Feedback Related Negativity,FRN) is a negative wave in the anterior part of the scalp between the 200-350ms with negative results. The researchers believe it reflects the human brain's perception of negative outcomes or contrary expectations. In the past, most of the studies on FRN were conducted by the participants themselves, and the EEG components induced by their own winning or losing were evaluated, and the EEG responses induced by the results of others were seldom explored when other people were seen to win or lose. This study includes two experiments. Experiment 1 examined the EEG changes of subjects when they saw their own win or lose and others of the same sex win or lose. Experiment 2 examined the EEG changes of the subjects when they evaluated their own win or loss and evaluated the heterosexual others' win or loss. The results are as follows: 1 in experiment 1, the FRN, induced by the loss condition is larger than that by the winning condition, which is consistent with previous studies. In addition, the evaluation of self-feedback than the evaluation of other feedback elicited greater FRN, especially for male subjects, the results were not only on the FRN, but also on the P300 results. This shows that although the participants have a certain empathy in evaluating the results of other people's wins and losses, they are more concerned with their own results than with their own results, especially the male participants. 2. 2. In experiment two, first, losing money induces a larger FRN, than winning money, which is consistent with the results of previous experiments. Different from experiment one, when evaluating the results of others, if they were heterosexual, the empathy of the subjects increased, which showed that there was no difference in the amplitude of FRN between evaluating themselves and evaluating the results of others. Of course, in the P300 phase, assessing yourself elicited larger waves and showed greater focus on your results. Through the above research, we can draw two conclusions. First, observing the gains and losses of others, we can evaluate the corresponding results, and also produce the corresponding feedback related negative waves, but the FRN and P300 induced by the evaluation of the results of others are smaller than the amplitude of FRN and P300 induced by the evaluation of their own results. Second, the FRN produced by observing the outcome of others is regulated by the sex of the observer and the sex of the observed. When the result of assessing other people is to evaluate heterosexual people, the induced FRN is not different from the evaluation of oneself, but the amplitude of FRN is smaller when the result of evaluating others is to evaluate others of the same sex.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848
本文编号：2369982
[Abstract]:Feedback correlation negative wave (Feedback Related Negativity,FRN) is a negative wave in the anterior part of the scalp between the 200-350ms with negative results. The researchers believe it reflects the human brain's perception of negative outcomes or contrary expectations. In the past, most of the studies on FRN were conducted by the participants themselves, and the EEG components induced by their own winning or losing were evaluated, and the EEG responses induced by the results of others were seldom explored when other people were seen to win or lose. This study includes two experiments. Experiment 1 examined the EEG changes of subjects when they saw their own win or lose and others of the same sex win or lose. Experiment 2 examined the EEG changes of the subjects when they evaluated their own win or loss and evaluated the heterosexual others' win or loss. The results are as follows: 1 in experiment 1, the FRN, induced by the loss condition is larger than that by the winning condition, which is consistent with previous studies. In addition, the evaluation of self-feedback than the evaluation of other feedback elicited greater FRN, especially for male subjects, the results were not only on the FRN, but also on the P300 results. This shows that although the participants have a certain empathy in evaluating the results of other people's wins and losses, they are more concerned with their own results than with their own results, especially the male participants. 2. 2. In experiment two, first, losing money induces a larger FRN, than winning money, which is consistent with the results of previous experiments. Different from experiment one, when evaluating the results of others, if they were heterosexual, the empathy of the subjects increased, which showed that there was no difference in the amplitude of FRN between evaluating themselves and evaluating the results of others. Of course, in the P300 phase, assessing yourself elicited larger waves and showed greater focus on your results. Through the above research, we can draw two conclusions. First, observing the gains and losses of others, we can evaluate the corresponding results, and also produce the corresponding feedback related negative waves, but the FRN and P300 induced by the evaluation of the results of others are smaller than the amplitude of FRN and P300 induced by the evaluation of their own results. Second, the FRN produced by observing the outcome of others is regulated by the sex of the observer and the sex of the observed. When the result of assessing other people is to evaluate heterosexual people, the induced FRN is not different from the evaluation of oneself, but the amplitude of FRN is smaller when the result of evaluating others is to evaluate others of the same sex.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 向玲;王宝玺;张庆林;;时间估计任务中的反馈加工和行为调节:来自ERP的证据[J];心理学报;2012年09期
，本文编号：2369982
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