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图画书中汉字形旁和声旁对一年级学生新词学习影响的眼动研究

发布时间:2018-12-17 17:30
【摘要】:在我国,一年级儿童已经习惯在幼儿阶段阅读大量图画书,图画书作为儿童阅读的起点,在儿童的阅读发展中扮演着非常重要的作用。如何继续采用图画书阅读来促进儿童识字学习成为一个重要研究方向。但很多眼动研究已证实儿童在图画书阅读的过程中对文字的关注时间是极少的,关于儿童能否在图画书阅读中通过与文字短暂的接触学习新词仍存在争议,关于这一问题的研究具有很大实践意义,也是本研究的主要问题之一。在中文中左形右声结构的形声字占很大比例,已有不少研究证明,在中文汉字识别中,组成形声字的形旁和声旁分别对汉字语义和语音的学习起到非常关键的作用。本研究关注的是,在形声字的语音、语义的获得过程中,形旁和声旁各自是如何起关键作用的,以及这一过程是否受到形旁、声旁频率的影响。本研究主要采用眼动追踪技术,探究在图画书分享阅读情境下,中国一年级儿童能否学习新词,以及这一学习过程是否受到新词形旁、声旁频率的影响。30个一年级儿童在眼动追踪的记录下,完成阅读32个包含有目标刺激故事的学习任务。每次读完8个故事后,要求儿童完成两个测试:读音测试(读出目标词的发音)和选择测试(从四个选项中选出目标刺激)。实验采用2(形旁、声旁)×2(高频、低频)的两因素被试内设计,实验记录阅读过程中的眼动数据与测试阶段中的反应时和反应正确率。研究结果发现:(1)图画书阅读可以促进一年级儿童对新词的学习,且这一学习过程受到新词形、声旁频率的影响。(2)对新词的注视时间占总注视时间的16%。(3)注视时间和儿童本身的语言能力对学习效果产生不可忽视的作用。本结果为图画书阅读可以促进新词学习提供了实验证据,同时也证明这一学习过程受形旁、声旁频率的影响,因此本研究最后提出关于汉字学习与教学两方面的教育建议。
[Abstract]:In China, first grade children have been used to reading a large number of picture books in early childhood. Picture books, as the starting point of children's reading, play a very important role in the development of children's reading. How to continue to use picture book reading to promote children's literacy learning has become an important research direction. However, many eye movement studies have confirmed that children pay little attention to words in the course of reading picture books, and there is still controversy about whether children can learn new words through brief contact with the text in picture books. The research on this issue is of great practical significance and is one of the main problems in this study. In Chinese, the left and right phonetic structures account for a large proportion of phonetic characters. Many studies have proved that in Chinese character recognition, the phonetic side and the phonetic side of the phonetic characters play a very important role in the semantic and phonetic learning of Chinese characters. This study focuses on how the paratonic and phonetic side play a key role in the phonetic and semantic acquisition of pictophonetic characters, and whether the process is affected by the phonetic side and the phonetic side frequency. In this study, eye movement tracking technique was used to explore whether Chinese first-year children could learn new words in the context of picture book sharing, and whether the learning process was next to new words. The effect of side frequency. Thirty first graders completed 32 tasks of reading with goal-stimulating stories recorded by eye movement tracking. After reading 8 stories at a time, children were asked to complete two tests: pronunciation test (pronunciation of target words) and selection test (target stimulation from four options). Two factors (high frequency and low frequency) of 2 (shape side, sound side) 脳 2 (high frequency and low frequency) were used in the experiment. The eye movement data during reading were recorded and the reaction time and the correct rate of reaction were recorded. The results show that: (1) Picture-book reading can promote the learning of neologisms in the first grade children, and this learning process is shaped by neologisms. (2) the fixation time of the new words accounts for 16% of the total fixation time. (3) the fixation time and the language ability of the children can not be ignored. The results provide experimental evidence for picture book reading to promote the learning of neologisms, and also prove that the learning process is affected by the frequency of side by side and sound side. Therefore, this study finally puts forward some educational suggestions on the study of Chinese characters and the teaching of Chinese characters.
【学位授予单位】:天津师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:B842

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