自我建构水平对个体主观幸福感的影响
发布时间：2019-01-06 10:00
【摘要】：自我建构(Self-Construal)是指个体如何认识、理解自我,如何看待自我和他人的关系及其意义;主观幸福感是指个体对个人生活的积极评价,它包含了三个独立的维度:正性情感、负性情感和认知维度,主观幸福感的评价也包括了认知和情感两方面。以往关注自我建构对主观幸福感影响的研究发现:不同建构类型个体的主观幸福感水平存在差异、预测指标亦不相同;自我建构对文化和身份存在中介效应;自我建构与文化存在交互作用——不同文化下自我建构可以预测主观幸福感。此外,已有研究表明自我建构水平不同个体之间存在认知差异和动机差异。以往研究多以问卷方式描述二者的相关关系,本研究从问卷调查和行为实验两个角度、将三重自我建构划分为我-兄弟姐妹-中国,探索了三重自我建构水平对主观幸福感的影响。调查一调查了大学生的三重自我建构水平和主观幸福感水平,结果显示:大学生在三重自我建构水平得分上,关系型自我建构水平最高;独立型自我建构次之;集体型自我建构最低。其中关系型自我是主观幸福感的有效预测指标。实验二的目的在于研究三重自我建构水平不同的个体的主观幸福感差异,并试图从认知和情感两方面对其进行解释。结果显示:关系型自我建构的启动会引起个体的主观幸福感的提升。这也许和关系型自我建构个体在认知上更加将家人纳入自我,在情感上能对家人获益时感同身受有关。实验三的目的在于研究三重自我建构水平不同的个体是否会出于追求更高的主观幸福感而做出不同的利他行为。结果显示:关系型自我建构的启动会引起个体的主观幸福感的提升,依存型自我建构的个体有更多的利他行为,其中关系型自我建构的个体更多地对家人实施利他行为;而集体型自我建构的个体更多地对陌生国人实施利他行为。
[Abstract]:Self-construction (Self-Construal) refers to how individuals understand and understand themselves, how to view the relationship between themselves and others and their significance. Subjective well-being refers to the individual's positive evaluation of personal life, which includes three independent dimensions: positive emotion, negative emotion and cognitive dimension. The evaluation of subjective well-being also includes cognitive and emotional aspects. Previous studies on the influence of self-construction on subjective well-being have found that the level of subjective well-being of individuals of different types of construction is different and the prediction index is different, and that self-construction has mediating effect on culture and identity. The interaction between self-construction and cultural existence-self-construction in different cultures can predict subjective well-being. In addition, there are cognitive differences and motivational differences among individuals with different levels of self-construction. Previous studies used questionnaires to describe the relationship between the two. This study divided the triple self-construction into "I, sibling and China" from the perspectives of questionnaire and behavioral experiments. This paper explores the effect of triple self-construction on subjective well-being. Survey 1 investigated the triple self-construction level and the subjective well-being level of college students. The results showed that the relationship self-construction level was the highest, the independent self-construction level was the second, and the independent self-construction level was the highest in the triple self-construction level. Collective self-construction is the lowest. Relational self is an effective predictor of subjective well-being. The purpose of experiment two is to study the differences of subjective well-being of individuals with different levels of triple self-construction, and try to explain it from the aspects of cognition and emotion. The results show that the initiation of relational self-construction can increase the subjective well-being of individuals. This may have something to do with the relationship-based self-constructors who more cognitively integrate their families into themselves and share their feelings when they are emotionally beneficial to their families. The purpose of experiment three is to study whether individuals with different levels of triple self-construction will make different altruistic behaviors in pursuit of higher subjective well-being. The results show that: the initiation of relational self-construction will lead to the improvement of individual subjective well-being, the dependent self-construction individual has more altruistic behavior, among which the relational self-construction individual more altruistic behavior to the family; The collective self-construction of the individual is more altruistic to the strange people.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842
，
本文编号：2402656
[Abstract]:Self-construction (Self-Construal) refers to how individuals understand and understand themselves, how to view the relationship between themselves and others and their significance. Subjective well-being refers to the individual's positive evaluation of personal life, which includes three independent dimensions: positive emotion, negative emotion and cognitive dimension. The evaluation of subjective well-being also includes cognitive and emotional aspects. Previous studies on the influence of self-construction on subjective well-being have found that the level of subjective well-being of individuals of different types of construction is different and the prediction index is different, and that self-construction has mediating effect on culture and identity. The interaction between self-construction and cultural existence-self-construction in different cultures can predict subjective well-being. In addition, there are cognitive differences and motivational differences among individuals with different levels of self-construction. Previous studies used questionnaires to describe the relationship between the two. This study divided the triple self-construction into "I, sibling and China" from the perspectives of questionnaire and behavioral experiments. This paper explores the effect of triple self-construction on subjective well-being. Survey 1 investigated the triple self-construction level and the subjective well-being level of college students. The results showed that the relationship self-construction level was the highest, the independent self-construction level was the second, and the independent self-construction level was the highest in the triple self-construction level. Collective self-construction is the lowest. Relational self is an effective predictor of subjective well-being. The purpose of experiment two is to study the differences of subjective well-being of individuals with different levels of triple self-construction, and try to explain it from the aspects of cognition and emotion. The results show that the initiation of relational self-construction can increase the subjective well-being of individuals. This may have something to do with the relationship-based self-constructors who more cognitively integrate their families into themselves and share their feelings when they are emotionally beneficial to their families. The purpose of experiment three is to study whether individuals with different levels of triple self-construction will make different altruistic behaviors in pursuit of higher subjective well-being. The results show that: the initiation of relational self-construction will lead to the improvement of individual subjective well-being, the dependent self-construction individual has more altruistic behavior, among which the relational self-construction individual more altruistic behavior to the family; The collective self-construction of the individual is more altruistic to the strange people.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842
，
本文编号：2402656
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