中学生父母教养行为和创造力关系追踪研究：自主性动机的中介作用

发布时间：2019-01-07 08:22

【摘要】：家庭是每个儿童成长的最初环境,对儿童的学习、社会适应等各个方面的发展都具有至关重要的作用。研究者指出,在家庭环境的诸多因素中,对于子女心理的积极发展,最为明显的是父母教养行为的作用。已有研究将父母教养行为划分为自主支持、行为控制以及心理控制。相关研究已经证实这三种教养行为对创造力都具有重要作用。根据创造力的生态系统理论,个体成长的外界环境(包括家庭和学校)对个体创造力发展的作用往往是通过影响个体特质(诸如动机水平)实现的。研究者Deci和Ryan提出的SDT,即自我决定理论认为,在外界环境因素和个体行为结果之间发挥重要作用的自主性动机。目前,较少有研究同时探讨三种教养行为对个体创造力的影响,并且有关父母教养行为对创造力影响的研究主要是横断研究。横断研究能够揭示父母教养行为对子女创造力的即时影响,却不能揭示父母教养行为对子女创造力的延时影响。因此,本研究采用追踪研究设计,在第一时间点上收集了父母教养行为、家庭社会经济地位、自主性动机以及中学生创造力的数据,在第二时间点(相隔一年)上收集了中学生创造力的数据,在控制了相关变量的基础上探究三种教养行为对中学生创造力的延时预测作用,以及自主性动机的中介作用。本研究采用Runco等人编制的创造力问卷(r CAB)、Pomerantz等人编制的父母教养行为问卷、Ryan等人编制的学业自主调节问卷,对济南市2所中学的263名中学生进行了连续2年(间隔1年)的调查。结果表明:1.自主支持和行为控制在预测中学生创造力上具有延时预测效应,表现为自主支持和行为控制均正向预测一年后中学生的创造力。2.自主性动机分别在自主支持和行为控制与中学生一年后创造力的关系中起完全中介作用。3.关于父母教养行为对中学生创造力各维度上的延时预测作用发现,自主支持和行为控制均正向预测中学生一年后的流畅性和灵活性;自主性动机分别在自主支持/行为控制与中学生流畅性/灵活性的关系中起完全中介作用。
[Abstract]:Family is the initial environment for every child to grow up, which plays an important role in the development of children's learning, social adaptation and other aspects. The researchers point out that among the many factors in the family environment, the role of parenting behavior is the most obvious for the positive development of children's psychology. Parental rearing behavior has been divided into autonomous support, behavioral control and psychological control. Relevant studies have confirmed that these three upbringing behaviors play an important role in creativity. According to the ecosystem theory of creativity, the effect of the external environment of individual growth (including family and school) on the development of individual creativity is often realized by influencing individual characteristics (such as motivation level). SDT, proposed by researchers Deci and Ryan, is the autonomous motivation that plays an important role in the relationship between external environmental factors and individual behavioral outcomes. At present, there are few studies on the influence of three kinds of rearing behaviors on individual creativity, and the research on parental rearing behavior on creativity is mainly crosscutting research. The crosscutting study can reveal the immediate influence of parental rearing behavior on children's creativity, but it can not reveal the delay effect of parental rearing behavior on children's creativity. Therefore, we collected data on parenting behavior, family social and economic status, autonomous motivation and creativity of middle school students in the first time. At the second time point (one year interval), the author collected the data of the creativity of middle school students, explored the delay prediction effect of three kinds of upbringing behaviors on the creativity of middle school students and the intermediary effect of autonomous motivation on the basis of controlling the relevant variables. This study adopts the creativity questionnaire developed by Runco et al., (r CAB), Pomerantz et al.'s parental rearing behavior questionnaire, and Ryan's self-regulation questionnaire, 263 middle school students in 2 middle schools in Jinan were investigated for 2 consecutive years (1 year interval). The results show that: 1. Autonomous support and behavioral control have a delayed predictive effect in predicting the creativity of middle school students, which shows that both autonomous support and behavior control positively predict the creativity of middle school students after one year. 2. Autonomous motivation plays a completely mediating role in the relationship between autonomy support and behavior control and the creativity of middle school students after one year. 3. About the delayed prediction effect of parental rearing behavior on middle school students' creativity, it is found that autonomy support and behavior control are positive predictors of students' fluency and flexibility after one year. Autonomous motivation plays a completely mediating role in the relationship between autonomy support / behavior control and fluency / flexibility of middle school students.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

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