体型大小认知在道德趋避行为中的作用

发布时间：2019-01-28 09:41

【摘要】：本研究采用模拟小人任务,探讨了个体在遭遇不同体型大小的道德或不道德人物时,其趋避反应的变化倾向及其原因。实验1使用改进后的模拟小人任务进行实验,结果证实了道德-趋近、不道德-远离的具身联系显著快于道德-远离、不道德-趋近的联系,道德-趋避的匹配反应确实存在。实验2在实验1的基础上,添加了个体对他人体型大小认知的因素。结果表明,在意识到对方体型大小的情况下,道德-趋近的反应在对方体型大时明显快于对方体型小时;而不道德-远离的反应无论对方体型大或是小,反应时间都基本一致。实验3让被试在非关注对方体型大小的情况下进行反应,继续探究体型大小认知对道德趋避行为的影响。结果表明,体型大小对道德趋避行为的影响在关注和非关注条件下均存在;在道德-趋近的情况下被试对体型大的人物反应更快,在不道德-趋近的情况下被试对体型小的人物反应更快,而道德-远离、不道德-远离情况下体型大小对反应时无显著影响。本研究表明:对他人道德品质的认知与个体的趋避行为间存在着一定的具身联结,即对道德的人物,个体更倾向于靠近;对不道德的人物,个体倾向于远离。而在认知对方道德品质的同时,又认知对方的体型大小,可以对道德趋避行为产生一定的影响,这种影响是相对复杂的,与具体情境相关的,并且在意识和无意识条件下均能发生。研究的结果可以从社会心理和进化心理学的角度进行解释。
[Abstract]:The objective of this study was to investigate the tendency and causes of individuals' tendency to avoid reaction when they were confronted with moral or immoral characters of different body sizes. In experiment 1, the modified simulation task was used to conduct the experiment. The results show that the physical connection of moral approach, immoral distance is significantly faster than that of moral distance, immoral approach, and the matching reaction between morality and avoidance does exist. Experiment 2 added individual cognition to the size of others on the basis of experiment 1. The results showed that when the size of each other was realized, the reaction time of moral approach was significantly faster than that of the other side when they were large, while the reaction time of immoral distance was basically the same whether the other person was large or small. In experiment 3, the subjects were asked to react without paying attention to the size of each other, and to continue to explore the effect of body size cognition on moral avoidance behavior. The results show that the influence of body size on moral avoidance exists in both concerned and non-concerned conditions. The subjects responded more quickly to larger people when they were moral-approaching, and to smaller people when they were immoral-approaching, and moral-far away. Immoral-Type size has no significant effect on response time when it is far away. This study shows that there is a certain connection between the cognition of the moral character of others and the behavior of individual avoidance, that is, the individual tends to be close to the moral character, and to the immoral character, the individual tends to stay away. While recognizing the moral quality of the other side and the size of the other side, it can have a certain impact on the moral avoidance behavior, which is relatively complex and relevant to the specific situation. And it can happen both consciously and unconsciously. The results of the study can be explained from the perspective of social psychology and evolutionary psychology.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.1

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