自主性动机和控制性动机引发的亲社会支出对幸福感的影响

发布时间：2019-02-13 21:16

【摘要】：中国深受儒家文化影响,秉承“送人玫瑰,手有余香”,但“好面子”也是国人具有的特点之一。已有研究表明,相对于亲自我支出(将金钱花费在自己身上),亲社会支出(将金钱花费在他人身上)的个体会获得更多的幸福感,但如果亲社会支出背后具有不同的动机,又会产生怎样的结果?本研究首次对自主性动机与控制性动机引发的的亲社会支出是否对个体幸福感产生不同影响进行探讨(研究采用幸福感综合指标,其中包括情绪变量,因此研究也将对积极、消极情绪进行分析)。研究以大学生为被试,分3个实验具体实施。实验1,探究以往支出经历对个体幸福感、积极消极情绪的影响,并统计大学生中不同动机(自主性动机vs.控制性动机)的亲社会支出占月总支出的比例。实验2,采用3(自主性亲社会支出vs.控制性亲社会支出vs.亲自我支出)×2(￥20 vs.￥100)的被试间实验设计,探讨自主性亲社会支出和控制性亲社会支出对支出者幸福感、积极消极情绪的影响,并观察不同支出金额是否存在差异。实验3,通过被试进行真实的支出行为,观察自主性和控制性亲社会支出的影响,并探讨基本心理需要是否在支出方式和幸福感、积极消极情绪中起中介作用。研究结果表明:(1)与控制性亲社会支出和亲自我支出相比,自主性亲社会支出能够带来更高水平的幸福感、更高的积极情绪,更少的消极情绪,并不受支出金额的影响;(2)大学生自主性亲社会支出的比例(12%)要高于控制性亲社会支出(7.6%);(3)基本心理需要在支出分组与幸福感之间起完全中介作用。应鼓励大学生多进行亲社会支出(如,慈善捐助等),积极培养其自主、自愿支出的精神,使其拥有更高水平的幸福感并促进身心健康更好的发展。
[Abstract]:China is deeply influenced by Confucian culture, adhering to "give roses, hands have fragrance," but "good face" is also one of the characteristics of the people. Previous studies have shown that individuals who spend their own money (spending money on themselves) have more happiness than individuals who spend money on others, but if there are different motivations behind pro-social spending, And what will happen? This study is for the first time to explore whether the pro-social expenditure caused by autonomous motivation and controlling motivation has different effects on individual well-being. (the study uses comprehensive indicators of well-being, including emotional variables, so the study will also be positive. Analysis of negative emotions The study was carried out in 3 experiments with college students as subjects. Experiment 1, explore the influence of past expenditure experience on individual happiness, positive and negative emotions, and calculate the different motivation (vs.) among college students. Controlling motivation) the proportion of pro-social expenditure to total monthly expenditure. Experiment 2, using 3 (autonomous pro-social spending vs.) Controlled pro-social expenditure vs. The experimental design of 20 vs.100 脳 2 was designed to explore the effects of autonomous pro-social expenditure and controlled pro-social expenditure on the well-being and positive and negative emotions of the payers, and to observe whether there were differences in different amounts of expenditure. In experiment 3, we observed the influence of autonomy and controlling prosocial expenditure through real spending behavior, and explored whether the basic psychological needs played an intermediary role in the way of expenditure and well-being, and positive and negative emotions. The results show that: (1) compared with controlling pro-social expenditure and personal expenditure, autonomous pro-social expenditure can bring a higher level of happiness, higher positive emotion, less negative emotion, and is not affected by the amount of expenditure; (2) the proportion of college students' autonomous pro-social expenditure (12%) was higher than that of controlled pro-social expenditure (7.6%); (3). The basic psychological needs played a complete intermediary role between expenditure grouping and well-being. College students should be encouraged to make more pro-social expenditure (such as charitable donations), actively cultivate the spirit of their own, voluntary spending, make them have a higher level of happiness and promote better physical and mental health development.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

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