多感觉整合与因果知觉的交互作用

发布时间：2019-03-10 21:46

【摘要】：多感觉整合是指将相同或不同感觉通道内的信息有效地整合为一个统一、连贯、完整的多感觉事件的过程。多感觉整合对于人类认识探索外部世界具有非常重要的意义。一方面，现有研究发现在多感觉整合过程中，人类判断多种通道信息是否应该整合到一起时，会受到事件之间因果关系的影响。另一方面，因果知觉也会受到多感觉整合的影响。因果知觉的形成依赖于大脑对于视觉听觉等多通道信息的加工。但已有研究对于因果知觉与多感觉整合之间的交互作用并没有进行深入的探讨。为了弥补已有研究不足，本研究通过操作物理常识性的因果知觉，直观揭示：（1）多感觉整合过程对因果知觉的促进作用；（2）因果知觉对多感觉整合过程的促进作用。本研究共有3个实验。实验1为2（有无提示音）×3（延迟时间：40ms/80ms/120ms）被试内设计。通过在传统因果知觉范式中加入声音，考察了多感觉整合对于因果知觉的影响。结果发现，加入声音后在80ms时，被试将整个事件知觉为因果关系的比率会提高。实验2为单因素两水平（重合与碰撞）被试内设计。通过改变黑球和白球相遇时的知觉位置来操作因果关系，考察有无因果关系对于多感觉整合的影响。结果发现，当整个事件知觉为没有因果关系时，被试任务表现下降。实验3为单因素三水平（无提示音，，蜂鸣声，碰撞声）被试内设计。通过改变提示音对因果知觉进行控制，考察自上而下因果关系对于多感觉整合的影响。结果发现，声音的有无对被试的反应存在着明显的影响，但声音的性质并没有对被试产生影响。本研究得出以下主要结论：（1）多感觉整合会促进因果知觉。（2）因果知觉的有无会影响多感觉整合。（3）早期的多感觉整合是一个自动化的过程，极少受到自上而下影响。
[Abstract]:Multi-sensory integration refers to the process of effectively integrating the information in the same or different sensory channels into a unified, coherent and complete multi-sensory event. Multi-sensory integration is of great significance for human beings to understand and explore the outside world. On the one hand, existing studies have found that in the process of multi-sensory integration, when we judge whether multiple channel information should be integrated together, it will be affected by the causal relationship between events. On the other hand, causal perception is also affected by multiple sensory integration. The formation of causal perception depends on the processing of multi-channel information such as vision and hearing in the brain. However, the interaction between causal perception and multi-sensory integration has not been deeply discussed. In order to make up for the deficiency of previous studies, this study directly reveals: (1) the promoting effect of multi-sensory integration process on causal perception, and (2) the promoting effect of causal perception on multi-sensory integration process through the manipulation of physical common sense causal perception. There are three experiments in this study. Experiment 1 was designed in 2 (with or without hint tone) 脳 3 (delay time: 40ms/80ms/120ms) subjects. The effects of multi-sensory integration on causal perception were investigated by adding sound to the traditional causal perception paradigm. The results showed that the rate of perception of the whole event as cause and effect was increased when the sound was added to the 80ms. Experiment 2 was designed with single factor and two levels (coincidence and collision). By changing the perceptual position of the black ball and the white ball to operate the causal relationship, the effect of the causal relationship on the multi-sensory integration was investigated. The results showed that when the whole event was perceived as having no causal relationship, the performance of the subjects decreased. Experiment 3 was designed with single factor and three levels (no cue sound, buzzer sound, collision sound). The effect of top-down causality on multi-sensory integration was investigated by changing the cue tone to control causal perception. The results showed that the presence of sound had a significant effect on the response of the subjects, but the nature of sound had no effect on the subjects. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) Multi-sensory integration can promote causal perception. (2) whether causal perception affects multi-sensory integration. (3) early multi-sensory integration is an automated process, rarely affected by top-down.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842.2

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