视觉搜索中的情绪干扰项预习效应
发布时间：2019-04-07 18:18
【摘要】：干扰项预习效应是视觉搜索的试次间效应,反映了过去不成功的搜索经验对注意的抑制。本研究中,被试对情绪材料进行视觉搜索时,同一个画面中的刺激的情绪效价可能一致,也可能存在一个效价与众不同的靶子。实验任务是要求被试找到该靶子,并对它的非情绪特征进行辨别反应。本研究包括3个实验,分别采用情绪面孔的照片、情绪性动物图片、情绪性动物示意图,均发现了情绪干扰项预习效应。也就是说,当先呈现无靶子的试次再呈现有靶子的试次,且有靶子的试次中干扰项的效价与之前无靶子试次中的刺激的效价一致时,被试的反应要比靶子的效价与之前无靶子试次中刺激效价一致时更快。这些结果表明,选择性注意系统可以利用以往的情绪信息引导注意的分配,使当前注意偏离那些曾经搜索过但没有找到靶子的情绪特征,而且这些情绪信息可能是由人脸表达的,也可能是由于人以外的因素表达的。这些结果体现了情绪与认知的交互作用,尤其是个体对情绪的已有经验对视觉选择注意的引导作用。
[Abstract]:The interference term preview effect is the inter-trial effect of visual search, which reflects the inhibition of attention by unsuccessful search experience in the past. In this study, when the emotional materials were searched visually, the emotional titers of stimuli in the same screen might be the same, or there might be a target with different titers. The task was to find the target and react to its non-emotional characteristics. This study included three experiments, using emotional face photos, emotional animal pictures and emotional animal schematics, respectively, and found the effect of emotional interference item preparation. In other words, when there is a test without a target and then a test with an existing target, and the titre of the interference term in the test with a target is consistent with the titer of the stimulus in the test without a target before, The response of the subjects was faster than that of the target when the titer of the target was consistent with that of the stimulation in the previous non-target test. These results suggest that selective attention systems can use past emotional information to guide attention allocation, thus diverging current attention from those emotional features that have been searched but have not found a target. Moreover, the emotional information may be expressed by human faces or by factors other than human beings. These results reflect the interaction between emotion and cognition, especially the guiding effect of individual's experience on emotion on visual selective attention.
【作者单位】： 清华大学心理学系;
【基金】：清华大学人文社科振兴基金 清华大学文化传承创新基金项目 清华大学亚洲研究中2012青年项目资助
【分类号】：B842
[Abstract]:The interference term preview effect is the inter-trial effect of visual search, which reflects the inhibition of attention by unsuccessful search experience in the past. In this study, when the emotional materials were searched visually, the emotional titers of stimuli in the same screen might be the same, or there might be a target with different titers. The task was to find the target and react to its non-emotional characteristics. This study included three experiments, using emotional face photos, emotional animal pictures and emotional animal schematics, respectively, and found the effect of emotional interference item preparation. In other words, when there is a test without a target and then a test with an existing target, and the titre of the interference term in the test with a target is consistent with the titer of the stimulus in the test without a target before, The response of the subjects was faster than that of the target when the titer of the target was consistent with that of the stimulation in the previous non-target test. These results suggest that selective attention systems can use past emotional information to guide attention allocation, thus diverging current attention from those emotional features that have been searched but have not found a target. Moreover, the emotional information may be expressed by human faces or by factors other than human beings. These results reflect the interaction between emotion and cognition, especially the guiding effect of individual's experience on emotion on visual selective attention.
【作者单位】： 清华大学心理学系;
【基金】：清华大学人文社科振兴基金 清华大学文化传承创新基金项目 清华大学亚洲研究中2012青年项目资助
【分类号】：B842
【共引文献】
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