面孔识别的同性偏向效应与同龄偏向效应

发布时间：2019-05-05 16:56

【摘要】：面孔识别是一个生活与社交的必要能力,面孔为我们提供了性别、年龄、种族、情绪、精神状态等大量的信息。在面孔识别中,存在同群体偏向效应,即同龄偏向效应、同性偏向效应和同种族偏向效应。已往研究为同龄偏向效应或同性偏向效应分别提供了支持证据。但是,在面孔所提供的信息中年龄信息和性别信息是较难彻底分离的生理信息。例如,在现实生活中,当成年人遇到儿童时会很难分辨出儿童的性别,但在遇到同龄人的时候就能很快地辨认对方的性别。本研究使用成人面孔图片和儿童面孔图片,利用高斯模糊和开窗技术将面孔信息分为构型信息和特征信息,采用匹配任务(迫选标签任务)的实验方法,来探讨成人对各年龄段面孔识别的同龄偏向效应和同性偏向效应,及面孔特征信息和构型信息对其的作用。研究以大学生为被试群体,包括两个实验。实验一,识别成人与儿童平静面孔的同性偏向效应与同龄偏向效应。实验二,识别成人与儿童情绪面孔的同性偏向效应与同龄偏向效应。研究结果显示:(1)在平静面孔和情绪面孔条件下,均表现出同龄偏向效应;(2)在面孔的构型信息和特征信息条件下,均表现出同龄偏向效应;(3)在情绪面孔的特征信息条件下,男性成人被试对成人面孔产生同性偏向效应;(4)在被试识别面孔性别时,更倾向于使用特征加工机制,尤其是眼部特征;(5)被试在识别面孔时,均表现出“面孔中心效应”;(6)在面孔的特征信息条件下,被试对面孔兴趣区的关注更多在眼睛和鼻子特征上。当特征信息为眼睛时,更多关注眼睛,其次关注鼻子;当特征信息为鼻子时,更多关注鼻子,其次关注眼睛;当特征信息为嘴巴时,更多关注鼻子。
[Abstract]:Face recognition is a necessary ability to live and socialize. Face provides us with a lot of information about sex, age, race, emotion, mental state and so on. In face recognition, there is the same population bias effect, that is, the same age bias effect, the same sex bias effect and the same race bias effect. Previous studies have provided supporting evidence for the same-age bias effect or the same-sex bias effect, respectively. However, age information and sex information are difficult to be separated from each other in the information provided by faces. In real life, for example, it is difficult for adults to discern the sex of a child when they meet a child, but they can quickly identify the sex of their peers when they meet their peers. In this study, adult face pictures and children face pictures were used. The face information was divided into configuration information and feature information by Gao Si fuzzy and window opening techniques, and the matching task (forced label task) was used in this study. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the same-age bias effect and same-sex bias effect of adult face recognition in different ages, and the effect of face feature information and configuration information on it. In this study, college students were selected as subjects, including two experiments. In experiment 1, the same-sex bias effect and the same-age bias effect of the calm faces in adults and children were identified. Experiment 2: to identify the same-sex bias effect and the same-age bias effect of emotional faces in adults and children. The results showed that: (1) under the condition of calm face and emotional face, both showed the same age bias effect; (2) under the condition of configuration information and characteristic information of face, both showed the same age bias effect; (3) under the condition of characteristic information of emotional face, male adult subjects had the same-sex bias effect on adult face, (4) when the subjects recognized face sex, they tended to use feature processing mechanism, especially eye feature. (5) the subjects showed "face center effect" when they recognized faces, and (6) under the condition of feature information of faces, the subjects paid more attention to the region of interest of faces on the features of eyes and nose. When the feature information is the eye, more attention is paid to the eye, followed by the nose; when the feature information is the nose, more attention is paid to the nose, and the second is the eye; when the feature information is the mouth, more attention is paid to the nose.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

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