注意系统的大脑功能偏侧化与半球间的整合加工

发布时间：2019-05-10 06:57

【摘要】：目的：本研究采用了ANT任务(Attentional Network Test)和偏侧呈现干扰的LDANT任务(Lateralized Distracting Attention Networks Test),考察注意的警觉、定向和执行控制三个子系统的大脑功能偏侧化与半球间的整合加工机制。 方法：实验一和实验二的材料相同,选用三种线索条件(无线索,中心线索和空间线索)和随后呈现的两种flanker任务条件(一致和不一致),屏幕背景为黑色,线索和任务以白色背景的图片形式呈现在屏幕中央,图片大小为4.81°×3.61°(宽×高)视角。在有干扰的条件下,线索屏或任务屏的左或右侧6.1°分别出现300ms持续闪烁的白色小方块(间断呈现三次,每次呈现50ms,间隔50ms)作为干扰,方块大小为0.41°视角。 实验一中两种flanker任务出现的概率为50%的一致任务、50%的不一致任务。实验二中两种目标任务出现的概率包括75%的一致任务、25%的不一致任务,和25%的一致任务、75%的不一致任务。 结果：实验一结果显示,警觉系统在左半球的效应量显著大于右半球的效应量,右半球的效应量显著大于两半球整合加工的效应量。定向系统在右半球的效应量显著大于左半球和两半球整合加工的效应量,左半球和两半球整合加工的效应量差异不显著；执行控制系统在右半球的效应量和两半球整合加工的效应量显著大于左半球的效应量,右半球和两半球整合加工的效应量差异不显著。实验二结果显示,警觉系统在75%/25%和25%/75%概率中的一致flanker任务条件下,右半球的效应量均显著大于左半球的效应量；在25%/75%概率中的不一致flanker条件下,左半球的效应量显著大于右半球的效应量。定向系统在75%/25%概率中右半球的效应量和两半球整合加工的效应量大于左半球的效应量,右半球和两半球整合加工的效应量差异不显著；在25%/75%概率中,右半球的效应量显著大于左半球和两半球整合加工的效应量,左半球和两半球整合加工的效应量差异不显著。执行控制系统在75%/25%概率中右半球的效应量和两半球整合加工的效应量大于左半球的效应量,右半球和两半球整合加工的效应量差异不显著；在25%/75%概率中,右半球的效应量显著大于左半球和两半球整合加工的效应量,左半球和两半球整合加工的效应量差异不显著。 结论：(1)注意存在两种不同的警觉系统,表现出不同的半球优势效应,个体内在的持续性的固有警觉(tonic alertness)存在右半球加工的优势效应,而由外在的瞬时线索引起的位相性警觉(phasic alertness)存在左半球加工的优势效应；(2)注意的定向系统存在右半球加工的优势效应；(3)注意的执行控制系统存在右半球加工的优势效应；当任务占用更多的认知资源时,执行控制系统则表现出更加明显的右半球加工的优势效应。
[Abstract]:Aim: in this study, the ANT task (Attentional Network Test) and the laterally disturbed LDANT task (Lateralized Distracting Attention Networks Test), were used to investigate the attention alertness, orientation and executive control of the lateralization of brain function and the interhemispheric integration and processing mechanism of the three subsystems. Methods: the materials of experiment 1 and experiment 2 were the same. Three kinds of clue conditions (no clue, center clue and space clue) and two kinds of flanker task conditions (consistent and inconsistent) were selected. The screen background was black, and the background of the screen was black. The clues and tasks are presented in the center of the screen in the form of white background images. The size of the images is 4.81 掳脳 3.61 掳(wide 脳 height). Under the condition of interference, the left or right 6.1 掳of the clue screen or the task screen showed 300ms continuous flickering white squares (discontinuity three times, each presentation 50 Ms, interval 50ms) as interference, and the square size was 0.41 掳angle of view. In experiment 1, the probability of occurrence of two kinds of flanker tasks is 50% consistent tasks and 50% inconsistent tasks. The probability of occurrence of two target tasks in experiment 2 includes 75% consistent tasks, 25% inconsistent tasks, 25% consistent tasks and 75% inconsistent tasks. Results: the results of experiment 1 showed that the response amount of alert system in the left hemisphere was significantly higher than that in the right hemisphere, and the response amount in the right hemisphere was significantly higher than that in the integrated processing of the two hemispheres. The effect of the directional system in the right hemisphere was significantly higher than that in the left hemisphere and the two hemispheres, but there was no significant difference between the left hemisphere and the two hemispheres. The effects of the executive control system in the right hemisphere and in the two hemispheres are significantly higher than those in the left hemisphere, but there is no significant difference in the effects between the right hemisphere and the two hemispheres. The results of experiment 2 showed that the response amount of the right hemisphere was significantly higher than that of the left hemisphere under the uniform flanker task with 75% / 25% and 25% / 75% probability. Under the condition of inconsistent flanker in 25% ~ 75% probability, the response quantity of the left hemisphere is significantly higher than that of the right hemisphere. In the 75% 鈮，

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