无意视盲的认知神经机制

发布时间：2019-05-24 16:40

【摘要】：无意视盲现象是指即使某些刺激物出现在视野中,观察者也并没有觉察到这些刺激物的存在。这种现象在我们的现实生活中普遍存在,它是许多交通和医疗事故的罪魁祸首。回顾前人的研究结果我们发现,从认知行为角度出发,无意视盲主要由两方面原因引起,即"资源有限"与"注意定势"。一般情况下,"资源有限"与"注意定势"会共同导致无意视盲;但有时候,"注意定势"也会独立于"资源有限"直接导致无意视盲。另外,从大脑神经机制的角度来看,"资源有限"与"注意定势"作用于大脑加工的中后期,即使产生无意视盲,意识加工脑区对非预期刺激也进行了一定的认知加工,但是否能进入到意识层面,一方面取决于刺激呈现后中期枕顶部位的意识输入,另一方面取决于与刺激驱动相关的颞顶联合区的激活程度以及与记忆负荷相关的顶内沟的抑制程度。
[Abstract]:Unintentional blindness is that the observer is not aware of the presence of these stimuli even if certain irritants appear in the field of view. This phenomenon is common in our real life, and it is the main cause of many traffic and medical accidents. The results of the previous studies have found that, from the point of view of cognitive behavior, the non-visual blindness is mainly caused by two reasons, namely, the "limited resources" and the "pay attention to the fixed potential". In general, the "limited resources" and the "pay attention to the fixed potential" cause unintentional visual blindness; however, the "pay attention to the fixed potential" is sometimes independent of the "limited resources" leading to unintentional blindness. In addition, from the point of view of the nervous system, the "limited resources" and the "pay attention to the fixed potential" function in the middle and late stage of the brain processing, even if the unintentional visual blindness is generated, the brain region of the consciousness processing has certain cognitive processing to the unintended stimulation, but can enter the consciousness level, On the one hand, depending on the level of consciousness input to the mid-term occipital region following the presentation of the stimulus, on the other hand, on the degree of activation of the tip joint region associated with the stimulation drive and the degree of inhibition of the top internal groove associated with the memory load.
【作者单位】：中国科学院心理研究所行为科学重点实验室;中国科学院大学;Department
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目资助(2012BAI36B02) 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目资助(KSCX2-EW-J-8)
【分类号】：B842

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