注意状态和自我效能感对大学生前瞻记忆的影响
发布时间：2019-05-28 16:08
【摘要】：背景 前瞻记忆是指对将来要完成活动和事件的记忆,用来反映个体记住延时意向的能力。近些年,该领域研究的热点问题为前瞻记忆的影响因素与提高前瞻记忆能力的有效对策,其中影响因素方面大量焦点集中在情绪、年龄、认知方式、线索特征等,极少有涉及到自我效能感对前瞻记忆完成的影响。而注意状态是影响前瞻记忆的另一重要因素,但研究结论存在很多争议,此外自我效能感和注意状态对前瞻记忆的交互作用还未曾有过涉及。 目的 本研究旨在考察注意状态和自我效能感对前瞻记忆的影响,探讨注意状态和自我效能感是否存在交互作用,并分析同一实验条件下,两种任务类型的前瞻记忆成绩的差异。 方法 实验一：通过一般自我效能感量筛选符合实验条件者100人(高、低自我效能感各50)。采用2(注意状态：集中注意、分散注意)×2(自我效能感：高自我效能感、低自我效能感)二因素完全随机实验设计,注意状态和自我效能感均为被试间变量。因变量为实验所得的正确率和反应时。 实验二：通过一般自我效能感量表另外筛选符合实验条件者100人(高、低自我效能感各50)。采用2(注意状态：集中注意、分散注意)×2(自我效能感：高自我效能感、低自我效能感)×2(任务类型：基于事件的前瞻记忆、基于时间的前瞻记忆)三因素混合实验设计,其中注意状态和自我效能感为被试问变量,任务类型为被试内变量。因变量为实验所得的正确率和反应时。 结果 实验一结果：对基于事件的前瞻记忆正确率而言,注意状态的主效应显著(P0.001),集中注意正确率显著高于分散注意(P0.001),自我效能感的主效应不显著(P0.05)；反应时方面,注意状态和自我效能感的主效应均显著(P0.001,P0.001),集中注意反应时显著低于分散注意(P0.001),高自我效能感反应时显著低于低自我效能感(P0.001)。 实验二结果：对前瞻记忆正确率而言,注意状态的主效应显著(P0.001),无论基于事件的前瞻记忆还是基于时间的前瞻记忆,集中注意状态的正确率均显著高于分散注意(P0.001,P0.001)；自我效能感的主效应显著(P0.01),自我效能感和任务类型的交互作用显著(P0.05),当任务类型为基于时间的前瞻记忆时,高自我效能感正确率显著高于低自我效能感(P0.01)；任务类型的主效应显著(P0.001),基于事件的前瞻记忆正确率显著高于基于时间的前瞻记忆正确率(P0.001)。 对前瞻记忆反应时而言,注意状态的主效应显著(P0.001),无论基于事件的前瞻记忆还是基于时间的前瞻记忆,集中注意状态的正确率均显著高于分散注意(P0.001,P0.001)；自我效能感的主效应显著(P0.001),高自我效能感正确率均显著高于低自我效能感(P0.001,P0.05)；任务类型的主效应显著(P0.05),基于事件的前瞻记忆反应时显著低于基于时间的前瞻记忆反应时(P0.05)。 结论 1.注意状态影响前瞻记忆正确率及反应时；自我效能感影响基于事件的前瞻记忆反应时,影响基于时间的前瞻记忆正确率及反应时； 2.前瞻记忆受任务类型影响； 3.注意状态和自我效能感对前瞻记忆不存在交互作用；
[Abstract]:background The prospective memory refers to the memory of the activities and events to be completed in the future, which can be used to reflect the individual's ability to remember the delay intention. In recent years, the hot issues in this field are the influential factors of the prospective memory and the effective countermeasures to improve the ability of the prospective memory. and so on, there are few shadows involved in the completion of the self-efficacy sense of the prospective memory In response, the attention state is another important factor that affects the prospective memory, but there are many disputes in the research conclusion. In addition, the self-efficacy and the attention state have not been involved in the interaction of the prospective memory. And. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of state and self-efficacy on the prospective memory, to explore the interaction between the state and self-efficacy, and to analyze the prospective memory of the two types of task under the same experimental condition. ACHIEVEMENTS The difference of the method is as follows:100 people (high, low) of the experimental condition are selected by the general self-efficacy Self-efficacy (50).2 (Attention: concentrated attention, decentralized attention),2 (self-efficacy: high self-efficacy, low self-efficacy) two factors, complete randomized experimental design, attention status and self-efficacy Can all be tested as a variable. The variable is the experiment. The correct rate and the response time of the experiment are as follows: the general self-efficacy scale is used to screen out 100 people who meet the experimental conditions (high). (50) with low self-efficacy.2 (Attention: concentrated attention, decentralized attention)-2 (self-efficacy: high self-efficacy, low self-efficacy)-2 (task type: event-based prospective memory, time-based, forward-looking) (a) Three-factor mixed experimental design, in which the attention state and self-efficacy are subject to trial-and-question variables The task type is the tested variable. The variable is real Inspection Institute The results of the experiment show that the main effect of attention state is significant (P0.001), and the main effect of self-efficacy is not higher than that of the dispersion notice (P0.001), and the main effect of self-efficacy is not The main effects of attention state and self-efficacy were significant (P 0.01, P 0.001), and the concentration of attention in the reaction was significantly lower than that of the dispersion (P0.001), and the self-efficacy was significantly lower in response to high self-efficacy. The results of the experiment show that the main effect of the state of attention is significant (P 0.001) for the accuracy of the prospective memory, whether based on the event-based prospective memory or the time-based prospective memory, the accuracy of the concentrated attention state is significantly higher than that of the dispersion. The main effect of self-efficacy (P0.01), self-efficacy and task type was significant (P0.05). When the task type was based on time-based prospective memory, the high self-efficacy rate was significantly higher than that of low self-efficacy (P0.01). The main effect of the traffic type is significant (P0.001), and the accuracy of the prospective memory based on the event is significantly higher than that on the basis of the time The accuracy of the prospective memory (P.001) between the two groups was significantly higher than that in the case-based prospective memory or the time-based prospective memory (P 0.001, P 0.001). The main effect of self-efficacy was significant (P 0.001), and the high self-efficacy rate was significantly higher than that of low self-efficacy (P 0.01, P0.05). The main effect of the task type was significant (P0.05). based on Time-based prospective memory response (P0.05). Conclusion 1. Attention is given to the accuracy and response of the state-effect prospective memory, and the self-efficacy is based on the event-based look-ahead. Time-based look-ahead for memristor response memory accuracy and response;2. Prospective memory is affected by the type of task
【学位授予单位】：新乡医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B848
本文编号：2487187
[Abstract]:background The prospective memory refers to the memory of the activities and events to be completed in the future, which can be used to reflect the individual's ability to remember the delay intention. In recent years, the hot issues in this field are the influential factors of the prospective memory and the effective countermeasures to improve the ability of the prospective memory. and so on, there are few shadows involved in the completion of the self-efficacy sense of the prospective memory In response, the attention state is another important factor that affects the prospective memory, but there are many disputes in the research conclusion. In addition, the self-efficacy and the attention state have not been involved in the interaction of the prospective memory. And. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of state and self-efficacy on the prospective memory, to explore the interaction between the state and self-efficacy, and to analyze the prospective memory of the two types of task under the same experimental condition. ACHIEVEMENTS The difference of the method is as follows:100 people (high, low) of the experimental condition are selected by the general self-efficacy Self-efficacy (50).2 (Attention: concentrated attention, decentralized attention),2 (self-efficacy: high self-efficacy, low self-efficacy) two factors, complete randomized experimental design, attention status and self-efficacy Can all be tested as a variable. The variable is the experiment. The correct rate and the response time of the experiment are as follows: the general self-efficacy scale is used to screen out 100 people who meet the experimental conditions (high). (50) with low self-efficacy.2 (Attention: concentrated attention, decentralized attention)-2 (self-efficacy: high self-efficacy, low self-efficacy)-2 (task type: event-based prospective memory, time-based, forward-looking) (a) Three-factor mixed experimental design, in which the attention state and self-efficacy are subject to trial-and-question variables The task type is the tested variable. The variable is real Inspection Institute The results of the experiment show that the main effect of attention state is significant (P0.001), and the main effect of self-efficacy is not higher than that of the dispersion notice (P0.001), and the main effect of self-efficacy is not The main effects of attention state and self-efficacy were significant (P 0.01, P 0.001), and the concentration of attention in the reaction was significantly lower than that of the dispersion (P0.001), and the self-efficacy was significantly lower in response to high self-efficacy. The results of the experiment show that the main effect of the state of attention is significant (P 0.001) for the accuracy of the prospective memory, whether based on the event-based prospective memory or the time-based prospective memory, the accuracy of the concentrated attention state is significantly higher than that of the dispersion. The main effect of self-efficacy (P0.01), self-efficacy and task type was significant (P0.05). When the task type was based on time-based prospective memory, the high self-efficacy rate was significantly higher than that of low self-efficacy (P0.01). The main effect of the traffic type is significant (P0.001), and the accuracy of the prospective memory based on the event is significantly higher than that on the basis of the time The accuracy of the prospective memory (P.001) between the two groups was significantly higher than that in the case-based prospective memory or the time-based prospective memory (P 0.001, P 0.001). The main effect of self-efficacy was significant (P 0.001), and the high self-efficacy rate was significantly higher than that of low self-efficacy (P 0.01, P0.05). The main effect of the task type was significant (P0.05). based on Time-based prospective memory response (P0.05). Conclusion 1. Attention is given to the accuracy and response of the state-effect prospective memory, and the self-efficacy is based on the event-based look-ahead. Time-based look-ahead for memristor response memory accuracy and response;2. Prospective memory is affected by the type of task
【学位授予单位】：新乡医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B848
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 崔凯;孙林岩;;大学生的前瞻记忆与艾森克人格维度得分[J];科技信息;2010年29期
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