受顺序影响的证真偏向:来自四卡问题新范式的证据
发布时间：2019-07-29 14:22
【摘要】：通过对经典四卡问题呈现方式的改进,逐一呈现与命题对应的检验证据,要求被试判断每一证据在命题检验中的作用。结果表明:(1)"证真偏向"依然存在,但从正确率来看,顺证真与顺证伪没有显著差异;(2)发现了显著的顺序效应,与逆向检验相比,顺向检验有更高的正确率与更短的反应时;(3)被试加工与命题"无关联"刺激时存在明显困难,其正确率显著较低。这些结果说明个体在判断不同证据对命题检验的作用时会受到命题内在方向性的影响,个体可能会采用一些固有推理图式以及简单的匹配策略解决问题。
[Abstract]:By improving the presentation of the classical four-card problem, the test evidence corresponding to the proposition is presented one by one, and the subjects are required to judge the role of each evidence in the proposition test. The results show that: (1) the "true bias" still exists, but from the correct rate, there is no significant difference between the true and the false; (2) the significant sequence effect is found, compared with the reverse test, the forward test has higher accuracy and shorter response time; (3) there are obvious difficulties in processing and propositional "unrelated" stimulation, and the correct rate is significantly lower. These results show that individuals will be affected by the inherent orientation of propositions when judging the effect of different evidence on propositional testing, and individuals may adopt some inherent reasoning schemas and simple matching strategies to solve the problem.
【作者单位】： 西南交通大学心理研究与咨询中心;西南交通大学公共管理与政法学院;江西师范大学心理学院;深圳大学心理与社会学院;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(26816WBR07) NSFC:31571118 四川省知识产权教育与培训(交大)基地(IP011505)
【分类号】：B842
本文编号：2520559
[Abstract]:By improving the presentation of the classical four-card problem, the test evidence corresponding to the proposition is presented one by one, and the subjects are required to judge the role of each evidence in the proposition test. The results show that: (1) the "true bias" still exists, but from the correct rate, there is no significant difference between the true and the false; (2) the significant sequence effect is found, compared with the reverse test, the forward test has higher accuracy and shorter response time; (3) there are obvious difficulties in processing and propositional "unrelated" stimulation, and the correct rate is significantly lower. These results show that individuals will be affected by the inherent orientation of propositions when judging the effect of different evidence on propositional testing, and individuals may adopt some inherent reasoning schemas and simple matching strategies to solve the problem.
【作者单位】： 西南交通大学心理研究与咨询中心;西南交通大学公共管理与政法学院;江西师范大学心理学院;深圳大学心理与社会学院;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(26816WBR07) NSFC:31571118 四川省知识产权教育与培训(交大)基地(IP011505)
【分类号】：B842
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