考虑交通影响的桥梁地震可恢复性研究

发布时间：2018-01-30 16:48

本文关键词： 可恢复性桥梁网络重要性分析交通流分配救援优化　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：地震是交通基础设施最严重的威胁之一,近年来世界范围内的多次强烈地震均造成了重大交通基础设施的破坏。作为经济社会发展的纽带和目前“一带一路”战略中不可或缺的交通基础设施,桥梁网络系统发挥的作用愈加突出。然而,桥梁结构及交通网络在历次地震中都会发生较严重的破坏,对震后疏散、组织救援以及灾后重建造成严重影响。可恢复性是评估结构、系统等震后恢复能力的一项指标参数,能够反映结构或者系统快速恢复、抵抗灾难的能力。可恢复性不仅可以用于震前评价桥梁交通网络抗震能力,还可以用于预测震后桥梁交通系统功能恢复情况,从而为救灾和重建工作提供策略指导。因此,开展城市桥梁交通网络系统的可恢复性研究对于综合评估桥梁网络的抗震能力、交通流量恢复以及救灾决策具有重要的科学意义和工程价值。本文从层次分析法入手,确定单体桥梁中的构件权重,利用模糊综合评价方法得到单体桥梁的可恢复性;之后,选取实地桥梁交通网络模型,将易损性概率、震后恢复过程以及交通流分配等相关理论进行结合,实现了桥梁交通网络的可恢复性量化分析,主要研究内容如下:(1)基于层次分析法研究桥梁构件的权重划分,通过专家问卷调查获取基础数据,采用模糊综合评价法推导得到桥梁各构件损伤程度的量化表达,以获得目标桥梁剩余功能的百分比;根据桥梁修复时间模型,建立可恢复性指标与修复时间之间的关联。(2)针对某桥梁交通网络模型,以HAZUS输出的桥梁地震易损性概率分析结果为基础,分析其在每个时间点下震后道路通行能力,并计算道路阻抗函数;采用图论和非平衡分配理论,对比不同的交通分配份数精度,研究震后各个时间点的交通流量分配特征以及网络交通行驶总时间。(3)采用控制变量法,以震后需求矩阵和道路基本通行能力不变为目标,重点分析每个路段桥梁功能提升比例对桥梁网络通行总时间的影响规律,提出确定震后桥梁网络中桥梁最优修复次序的方法,为抗震救灾和重建决策提供方案和参考。
[Abstract]:Earthquakes are one of the most serious threats to transport infrastructure. In recent years, many strong earthquakes around the world have caused the destruction of major transportation infrastructure, which is the link of economic and social development and the indispensable transportation infrastructure in the current "Belt and Road" strategy. The bridge network system plays an increasingly important role. However, bridge structure and traffic network will be damaged seriously in every earthquake, which will evacuate after the earthquake. Recovery is an index parameter to evaluate the ability of post-earthquake recovery, such as structure, system and so on, which can reflect the rapid recovery of structure or system. Resilience not only can be used to evaluate the seismic capacity of bridge traffic network before earthquake, but also can be used to predict the functional recovery of bridge traffic system after earthquake. In order to provide strategic guidance for disaster relief and reconstruction, therefore, to carry out the urban bridge transportation network system recoverability for comprehensive evaluation of the seismic capacity of the bridge network. Traffic flow recovery and disaster relief decision-making have important scientific significance and engineering value. This paper starts with the Analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of components in the single bridge. The restoration of single bridge is obtained by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Then, select the field bridge traffic network model, combining vulnerability probability, post-earthquake recovery process, traffic flow distribution and other related theories to achieve the bridge traffic network recoverability quantitative analysis. The main research contents are as follows: 1) based on AHP, the weight division of bridge components is studied, and the basic data are obtained by expert questionnaire. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to derive the quantitative expression of the damage degree of each component of the bridge to obtain the percentage of the residual function of the target bridge. According to the bridge repair time model, the relationship between restorability index and repair time is established. 2) aiming at a bridge traffic network model. Based on the results of seismic vulnerability probability analysis of bridges outputted by HAZUS, the post-earthquake road capacity at each time point is analyzed, and the road impedance function is calculated. By using graph theory and non-equilibrium distribution theory, the control variable method is used to study the characteristics of traffic flow distribution at different time points after earthquake and the total travel time of network traffic. Based on the post-earthquake demand matrix and the basic capacity of the road is not the goal, the emphasis of each section of the bridge function to enhance the proportion of the impact of the total time of the bridge network law. A method for determining the optimal repair order of bridges in post-earthquake bridge network is presented, which provides a scheme and reference for earthquake relief and reconstruction decisions.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U442.55

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