阿拉伯学者眼中的中国经验

发布时间：2018-03-16 03:32

本文选题：阿拉伯学者　切入点：中国经验　出处：《上海外国语大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国经验是指中国改革开放以来立足中国特殊国情,在探索和实践中建设和发展中国特色社会主义的经验,它既包括中国在发展中所取得的成就,也包括其中的教训。随着中国改革开放取得令人瞩目的成就,中国经验研究逐渐成为阿拉伯学者关注的一个热点问题。他们基于不同立场,从不同维度认识中国经验,并将中国经验放在国际比较的视野中进行比较分析,试图探索中国快速崛起的奥秘,分析中国经验的性质、内涵、特征、意义等,解读中国经验对于阿拉伯国家复兴的借鉴意义,以及中国经验对于国际秩序带来的变革。阿拉伯学者中国经验研究的观点中,有些比较客观,但也有些是片面的甚至错误的观点,容易造成对中国经验的误读。因此,本文通过对阿拉伯学者中国经验研究的背景和动因进行梳理和剖析,从而系统地了解阿拉伯学者研究中国经验的背景根源、动因及目的。通过对阿拉伯学者中国经验研究的内容进行梳理和评析,有助于厘清阿拉伯学者中国经验研究的视角、观点,对我们全面认识中国经验具有借鉴意义,更有助于我们从国际视野中审视中国经验。通过对阿拉伯学者中国经验研究的评析,特别是对其中的一些消极观点和错误认识进行深入评析,有助于加深对坚持中国特色社会主义的认识,有助于把握当代中国研究的话语权,并对提升当代中国的国家形象提供重要启示。通过研究阿拉伯国家借鉴哪些中国经验,有助于在一带一路战略下加强中国与阿拉伯国家的合作关系,互通有无、互相借鉴、优势互补,有助于使阿拉伯国家认同中国经验,提升当代中国的软实力。本文运用辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的研究方法、文本分析法、比较研究法等方法,研究阿拉伯学者为何研究中国经验,研究中国经验的哪些内容,如何评析阿拉伯学者的中国经验研究,以及阿拉伯国家借鉴哪些中国经验等问题。本文主要对以下几个问题进行了研究:第一,阿拉伯学者研究中国经验的背景和动因。阿拉伯人一直以友好的目光注视着中国,二十世纪五、六十年代,阿拉伯学者开始提出“中国经验”的概念;进入七、八十年代,阿拉伯学者开始探讨中国在某一方面的具体政策或做法;在二十世纪九十年代,阿拉伯学者对中国经验的研究逐渐深入;进入二十一世纪后,阿拉伯学者关于中国经验的研究达到一个全新的高度。中国奇迹的出现、西方民主模式的失灵、中国与阿拉伯世界之间存在相似之处等是阿拉伯学者研究中国经验的重要动因。第二,系统梳理阿拉伯学者中国经验研究的视角及其观点。阿拉伯学者从经济维度、政治维度、文化维度、社会维度、军事、外交维度、国际比较视野、中国经验取得巨大成就的原因、中国经验面临的问题和挑战、中国经验的未来、阿拉伯国家可否借鉴中国经验等角度来研究中国经验。可以说,阿拉伯学者对于中国经验的研究视角相对比较全面,其认知也相对客观,但是,总体上对经济维度关注更多,相对忽视其他维度的关联性。第三,深入评析阿拉伯学者的中国经验研究。关于中国经验的性质,阿拉伯学者对中国经验性质的认识存在意识形态偏见,多数阿拉伯学者受西方理论框架的影响,认为中国引入了市场体制,就不再是纯粹的社会主义国家,不承认中国经验的社会主义性质。关于中国经验的特征,阿拉伯学者将渐进式改革、强势政府、谨慎的政治改革、独立自主作为中国经验的突出特征。阿拉伯学者对于中国经验特征的认识有其客观的一面,但也存在一定的局限性,他们忽略了中国经验的实事求是、以民为本等重要特征。关于中国经验的内涵,阿拉伯学者认为“混合经济”、“政治上的中国特色社会主义+经济上的资本主义”、“出口导向型经济”等是中国经验的内涵,这种认知带有片面性,中国经验由于其复杂性,很难以某个简洁的短语加以概括。关于中国经验的意义,阿拉伯学者认为中国经验的意义在于对发展中国家尤其是阿拉伯国家具有借鉴意义、中国经验会给国际秩序带来变革、中国经验有助于提升中国的软实力。这些观点基本是客观的,中国坚持走和平发展道路,倡导全球共享,中国经验是多彩世界中的一种发展模式,为丰富多彩的世界增添了东方文明的色彩。第四,分析阿拉伯国家借鉴哪些中国经验。埃及主要是从吸引外资、中小企业发展方面来借鉴中国经验,苏丹在农业发展、工业化道路方面借鉴中国经验,约旦在政府介入、独立自主发展方面借鉴中国经验,阿联酋在推动私营部门在发展中的作用、吸引外资方面借鉴中国经验,沙特在经济转型、经济城市建设方面借鉴中国发展经验。阿拉伯国家根据各国的国情,从不同方面吸收借鉴中国经验中有助于其经济发展的因素,并将其本土化,而非对中国经验的照搬照抄。通过研究,本文得出以下结论:阿拉伯学者对中国经验的关注具有一贯性;阿拉伯学者对中国经验的研究总体上是全面的、积极的、客观的;阿拉伯学者对中国经验性质的认识存在意识形态的偏见;阿拉伯学者对中国经验内涵的认识过于简单化;阿拉伯学者对中国经验特征和意义的认识基本客观;部分阿拉伯国家借鉴了中国经验。需要指出的是,对于阿拉伯学者关于中国经验研究的观点,我们需要从马克思主义理论和价值观出发对其进行深入评析,逐渐构建中国经验研究的马克思主义话语体系。
[Abstract]:China experience since the reform and opening up to Chinese China based on special conditions, construction and development of socialism China characteristics experience in exploration and practice, it includes not only the Chinese in the development of the achievements, including lessons. With the China reform and opening up has made remarkable achievements, research experience Chinese has gradually become a hot issue Arabia scholars. They are based on different positions, understanding Chinese experience from different dimensions, and Chinese experience in the perspective of international comparison in comparative analysis, trying to explore the mystery of the rapid rise of Chinese, analysis of the nature, China experience connotation, characteristics, significance, interpretation of Chinese experience for the Arabia national revival of reference. And change China experience for international order bring. Arabia scholars research experience China's point of view, some of the more objective, but also some Even the wrong one-sided point of view, easy to cause misreading of China experience. Therefore, this paper through the review and analysis of the Arabia scholars research experience China the background and motivation, so as to systematically understand the background of the roots of Arabia scholars Chinese experience, motivation and purpose. The Arabia scholars Chinese content analysis and experience analysis helps to clarify the Arabia scholars research experience China perspective view on our comprehensive understanding of China experience is of great significance, but also help us from the international view China experience. Based on the analysis of Arabia scholars Chinese research experience, especially for some negative views and wrong understanding of the in-depth analysis. Help to deepen the understanding of Chinese adhere to socialism, helps to grasp the contemporary China of discourse, and to promote contemporary Chinese Provide important enlightenment of national image. Through the study of Arabia state from which China experience, help to strengthen the Chinese and Arabia national cooperative relations, in Belt and Road Initiative under the strategy of mutual exchange of needed products to each other, complementary advantages, and helps to make the national identity of Arabia Chinese experience, enhance the soft power of contemporary Chinese. This thesis use the research methods of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, text analysis, research methods, research scholars of Arabia Chinese why study experience, what China research experience, research experience of how to Chinese scholars from Arabia, Arabia and the countries from which Chinese experience and other issues. This paper mainly researches on the following problems: first, the background and motivation of Arabia scholars China experience. The Arabs have been in a friendly gaze Chinese, twentieth Century five, In 60s, Arabia scholars put forward the concept of "Chinese experience"; in seven, 80s, Arabia scholars began to explore China specific policies or practices in one hand; in 1990s, research on the experience of Arabia Chinese scholars gradually; after entering in twenty-first Century, Arabia scholars research on China experience to reach a new height. There China miracle, failure of Western democracy, the similarities between Arabia and Arabia is the world Chinese scholars Chinese the important experience for the system. Second, combing the Arabia scholars research experience and viewpoints. China Arabia scholars from the economic dimension, political dimension, cultural dimension, social dimension, military and diplomatic dimensions the international comparison, reason, Chinese experience has made great achievements, Chinese experience problems and challenges War, Chinese experience in the future, Arabia can learn from the experience of other countries Chinese angle to study the China experience. It can be said that the Arabia scholars research perspective Chinese experience relatively comprehensive, the cognition is relatively objective, but, on the whole economic dimension more attention, relevance of the relative neglect of other dimensions. Third, the research Chinese experience an in-depth analysis of Arabia scholars. On the nature China experience, Arabia scholars understanding of the nature of Chinese experience ideological bias, the majority of scholars in Arabia affected by the framework of western theory, that China introduced the market system, it is no longer purely a socialist country, the socialist nature does not recognize the Chinese experience. On China experience, Arabia scholars will be gradual reform, strong government, cautious political reform, as the independent Chinese. A prominent feature of experience Arab scholars has its objective aspect for understanding the characteristics of the Chinese experience, but also has certain limitation, they ignore the Chinese experience of seeking truth from facts, taking people as an important feature of the present. Chinese content about the experience, Arabia scholars believe that the "mixed economy", "politics of the socialist Chinese + characteristic economy. Capitalism", "export-oriented economy" is the connotation of China experience, this cognitive one-sided, China experience because of its complexity, it is difficult to generalize a simple phrase about Chinese. The significance of the experience, Arabia scholars believe that Chinese experience lies in developing countries especially with reference to Arabia, Chinese experience to change the international order, Chinese experience helps to enhance the soft power of China. These basic views are objective, China stick to the peaceful development road The road, advocating global sharing, Chinese experience is a kind of development pattern and colorful world, add color to the Oriental civilization rich and colorful world. Fourth, analysis of Arabia national reference which is mainly from Egypt. Chinese experience to attract foreign investment, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises to borrow Chinese experience in Sultan agricultural development, from Chinese the experience of industrialization, government intervention in Jordan, from the China experience independent development, in the United Arab Emirates to promote private sector development in the role of reference China experience attracting foreign investment, Saudi Arabia in the economic transition, economic development experience from China city construction. According to the Arabia state national conditions, absorbing the factors contribute to its economy the development of Chinese experience from different aspects, and its localization, instead of Chinese experience copying. Through the research, this paper draws the following Conclusion: Arabia scholars on the Chinese experience consistent; Arabia scholars on Chinese empirical research on the whole is comprehensive, positive, objective; Arabia scholars understanding of the nature of China experience existence ideology prejudice; Arabia scholars on the understanding of the connotation of the China test is too simple; Arabia scholars understanding of Chinese experience the characteristics and significance of the basic objective; Arabia national reference China experience. Need to point out that the Arabia scholars research experience Chinese point of view, we need to carry out an in-depth analysis of Marx from the socialist theory and values, Marx's discourse system gradually built China research experience.

【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D61;F124

【参考文献】