尼泊尔大地震发生的构造背景及发展趋势

发布时间：2018-03-28 10:36

本文选题：尼泊尔.级地震　切入点：喜马拉雅弧形地带　出处：《科学通报》2015年21期

【摘要】：本文介绍了2015年4月25日尼泊尔8.1级地震是发生在喜马拉雅弧形地带的逆冲构造系内,是20 km深处的主喜马拉雅逆冲断裂(MHT,或拆离层)的上盘发生破裂,并引发一条向上逆冲断裂活动,这条逆冲断裂可能是主边界逆冲断裂(MBT)的再活化,或是一条新断裂;这是印度大陆持续向北移动(4 cm/a)与亚洲大陆挤压的结果;地震导致MBT南、北的上地壳楔抬升;地应力的释放将导致其东边或北侧地段地震的活动加多;喜马拉雅弧形地带大震的周期可能为50~60年,新地震发生在弧形地带内的临近发震地段内,是专家早已推测的将要发震的地段;喜马拉雅弧形地带是地震监测力量薄弱地带,从"一带一路"建设角度讲今后应加强监测工作,寻求地震前兆现象.
[Abstract]:This paper describes that the April 25, 2015 earthquake of M = 8.1 in Nepal occurred in the thrust tectonic system of the Himalayan arc belt, and was the upper wall rupture of the main Himalayan thrust fault (MHT), or the separation of the separated layer, at a depth of 20 km. And triggered an upward thrust fault that could be a reactivation of the main boundary thrust fault or a new one; this is the result of the Indian continent continuing to move northward by 4 cm / a) and the Asian continent; the earthquake caused the south of MBT. The upper crustal wedge is uplifted in the north; the release of in-situ stress will result in more earthquakes in the eastern or northern part of the region; the period of large earthquakes in the Himalayan arc belt may be 50 to 60 years, and the new earthquakes will occur in the adjacent seismogenic areas in the arc zone. The Himalayan arc is a weak area for earthquake monitoring. From the view of Belt and Road construction, monitoring work should be strengthened in the future and earthquake precursor phenomenon should be sought.
【作者单位】：中国地质科学研究院;
【分类号】：P315.2

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