世居高原汉族与藏族男性大学生心功能特点的比较分析

发布时间：2018-04-23 10:15

本文选题：世居高原藏族 + 世居高原汉族　；参考：《北京体育大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究目的:以青藏高原为核心的世界“第三极地区”(面积约500万平方公里,平均海拔超过4000米),是全球独一无二的地质、地理、资源、生态耦合系统单元,随着一带一路政策的实施,对高原人群相关的生理与医学问题的研究和探讨有待于进一步深入。本研究首次对世居高原的藏族和汉族男大学生的心脏结构、功能的种族性差异性进行研究,以期发现导致生理性差异的主、客观影响因素,为高原适应性研究提供新的思路和线索。研究方法:本研究选取西藏大学在读男性大学生,严格按照纳入、排除标准,随机选取30名出生且生活在海拔3500米左右的藏族和汉族男性大学生作为受试对象。受试者身高、体重无明显差异,必须不曾罹患心、脑、肺疾病;没有先天性心脏病、高血压、冠心病以及可能引起心脏功能及结构改变的疾病;所有受试者均签署知情同意书。受试者由同一位医生测试,经过彩色多普勒超声诊断仪对受试者的左心房、左心室、右心房、右心室的内径以及室间隔厚度,并对主动脉根径和内径、肺动脉内径进行测量;对受试者左心室射血分数(EF)、左心室舒张末期容积(EDV)、主动脉流速、肺动脉流速、肺动脉加速时间、二尖瓣E峰、二尖瓣A峰、三尖瓣E峰、三尖瓣A峰、等参数值进行观察,收集数据。研究结果:世居高原的藏族男性大学生主动脉内径(p0.05)、主动脉根径(p0.01)均显著窄于汉族,但其主动脉瓣口流速(p0.05)与肺动脉瓣口流速(p0.01)均显著快于汉族,且有关左心功能的指标,藏族与汉族男性大学生并无显著性差异(p0.05)。研究结论:汉族男大学生较藏族男大学生在心室、心房内径及室壁厚度差异较小,考虑与长期环境相适应的结果;世居高原的藏族之所以对高原环境具有较好的适应能力,可能与藏族人群左、右心室收缩能力较强有关;世居高原的藏族之所以对高原环境具有较好的适应能力,可能是左、右心室收缩能力较强,而左心室和右心室的舒张能力可能会随汉族人群习服而继续遗传给汉族后代,而心室的收缩能力可能并不那么容易通过遗传获得,可能需要较为长久的高原生活时间,需要世世代代的传承。
[Abstract]:Objective: the "third pole area" of the world, with the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as the core, covers an area of about 5 million square kilometers, with an average elevation of more than 4000 meters. It is a unique geological, geographical, resource and ecological coupling system unit in the world. With the implementation of Belt and Road's policy, the research and discussion of physiological and medical problems related to the high altitude population need to be further studied. This study is the first time to study the racial differences of heart structure and function between Tibetan and Han male college students in order to find out the subjective and objective factors that lead to physiological differences. It provides new ideas and clues for the study of plateau adaptability. Methods: in this study, 30 male college students of Tibetan and Han nationality who were born and lived at about 3500 meters above sea level were selected as subjects. There were no significant differences in height and weight, no heart, brain and lung diseases, no congenital heart disease, high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, and diseases that could cause changes in heart function and structure. All subjects signed informed consent letters. The diameter of left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium and right ventricle and the thickness of interventricular septum were measured by color Doppler ultrasound, and the diameter of aortic root and pulmonary artery were measured. Left ventricular ejection fraction (EEF), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEV), aortic velocity, pulmonary artery velocity, pulmonary artery acceleration time, mitral E peak, mitral valve A peak, tricuspid valve E peak, tricuspid valve A peak, and so on were observed. Collect data. Results: the aortic internal diameter and aortic root diameter of Tibetan male college students living at high altitude were significantly narrower than those of the Han nationality, but the aortic valve velocity and pulmonary valve velocity were significantly faster than those of the Han nationality, and the indexes of left ventricular function were related to the left ventricular function. There was no significant difference between Tibetan and Han male college students (p 0.05). Conclusion: the differences of ventricular, atrial diameter and ventricular wall thickness between male Han students and Tibetan male students are smaller, considering the results of adaptation to long-term environment, the reason why Tibetans who live on the plateau have better adaptability to the plateau environment, It may be related to the strong contractility of left and right ventricle in Tibetan population. The reason why Tibetans who live at high altitude have better adaptability to high altitude environment may be that the left and right ventricle have stronger contractility. The diastolic ability of left ventricle and right ventricle may continue to be inherited to the offspring of Han nationality as the Han people acclimatize, while the contraction ability of ventricle may not be easily obtained by heredity, and it may take a longer time to live at high altitude. It needs to be passed on from generation to generation.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.49

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