西北太平洋上一个锢囚后二次爆发性发展的气旋研究
发布时间：2018-11-11 10:57
【摘要】：2007年1月6至9日,在西北太平洋上发生了一次强爆发性气旋天气过程。该气旋在其生命过程中经历了两个爆发性发展阶段,其中第二次爆发性发展出现在气旋开始锢囚之后,在过去的爆发性气旋个例研究中很少见到类似特征。利用Zwack-Okossi方程和WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting Model)模式对这个独特的爆发性气旋进行了诊断分析和数值模拟研究,详细地描述了该爆发性气旋的演变过程,分析了该气旋在锢囚之后二次爆发的原因,并对其两个爆发性发展阶段的发展机制进行了深入探讨。研究发现,该气旋形成在对流层中下层的斜压区,有利的斜压环境是促使其发展的基本条件。气旋在向东北方向移动的过程中遇到了对流层中上层东移的低涡系统,高低空系统在垂直方向上表现为明显的西倾现象,在高空低涡前部下方的气旋获得了爆发性发展。当气旋开始锢囚之后,有利于气旋发展的因子偏离气旋中心移到了气旋的下游,导致气旋分裂并在下游形成了新的气旋中心。新生的地面气旋中心再度超前于高层的低涡系统,这样的高低空配置导致了气旋的再次爆发。Zwack-Okossi方程诊断分析表明,气旋在两个爆发性发展阶段的强迫因子是不完全相同的。在第一个爆发性发展阶段,气旋性涡度平流、暖平流和非绝热加热的共同作用造成了气旋的爆发性发展,其中非绝热加热是促使气旋发展最主要的强迫因子：而在第二个爆发性发展阶段,非绝热加热的作用很小,高空系统的斜压强迫(即气旋性涡度平流和暖平流)是促使气旋发展最主要的强迫因子。关闭潜热释放的敏感性试验表明,潜热加热与高空系统的斜压强迫通过一个正反馈过程促进气旋的发展,这个正反馈过程可以描述如下：高层低涡/低槽前部的气旋性涡度平流和脊区的暖平流在气旋上空强迫产生高层辐散,潜热加热增强了高层槽脊系统的强度并进而影响高层的斜压强迫；高层辐散导致辐散区下方出现补偿上升运动和低层的降压,并进一步导致低层的辐合和气旋性涡度的生成：低层系统的发展导致气旋东部的偏南风低空急流增强,从而向气旋内部输送更多的水汽,水汽受到强烈的抬升作用而凝结释放更多的潜热,这样就形成了一个正反馈过程。气旋正是通过这个正反馈过程得到了爆发性发展。关闭下垫面通量的敏感性试验表明,海表面的热通量和水汽通量在不同阶段对气旋的发展起到不同的作用,这取决于气旋的强度、气旋所处的位置以及通量的水平分布特征等。
[Abstract]:From January 6 to 9, 2007, a strong burst cyclone weather process occurred in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. The cyclone experienced two stages of explosive development in its life process, the second of which occurred after the onset of the cyclone, and the similar characteristics were rarely found in the previous case studies of explosive cyclones. Using Zwack-Okossi equation and WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting Model) model, the diagnostic analysis and numerical simulation of this particular explosive cyclone are carried out, and the evolution process of the burst cyclone is described in detail. In this paper, the causes of the secondary outbreak of the cyclone after imprisonment are analyzed, and the development mechanism of the two explosive stages of the cyclone is discussed. It is found that the cyclone is formed in the baroclinic zone of the middle and lower troposphere and the favorable baroclinic environment is the basic condition for its development. In the course of moving towards northeast, the cyclone encountered a low vortex system moving eastward in the upper troposphere, and the high and low air system showed an obvious westward dip phenomenon in the vertical direction, and the cyclone below the front part of the upper low vortex developed explosively. When the cyclone begins to imprison, the factors conducive to the development of the cyclone move from the center of the cyclone to the downstream of the cyclone, resulting in the division of the cyclone and the formation of a new cyclone center in the downstream. The new ground cyclone center is once again ahead of the upper level of the low vortex system, which leads to the recurrence of the cyclone. The diagnostic analysis of the Zwack-Okossi equation shows that, The forcing factors of cyclones at two stages of explosive development are not identical. In the first stage of explosive development, the combined effects of cyclonic vorticity advection, warm advection and non-adiabatic heating resulted in the explosive development of cyclones. Among them, non-adiabatic heating is the most important forcing factor to promote the development of cyclones: in the second stage of explosive development, the effect of non-adiabatic heating is very small. Baroclinic forcing (i.e. cyclonic vorticity advection and warm advection) is the most important forcing factor to promote the development of cyclone. The sensitivity test of closing latent heat release shows that latent heat heating and baroclinic forcing of upper air system promote the development of cyclones through a positive feedback process. The positive feedback process can be described as follows: the cyclonic vorticity advection at the front of the upper vortex / trough and the warm advection in the ridge region force the upper layer divergence over the cyclone. Latent heat heating enhances the strength of the ridge system and further affects the baroclinic forcing of the upper layer. The divergence of the upper layer leads to the compensatory ascending motion and the lowering pressure of the lower layer, and further leads to the convergence of the lower layer and the formation of the cyclonic vorticity: the development of the lower layer system leads to the enhancement of the southerly wind and low level jet in the east of the cyclone, As a result, more water vapor is transported to the interior of the cyclone, and the water vapor is strongly uplifted and condensed and released more latent heat, thus forming a positive feedback process. It is through this positive feedback process that the cyclone develops explosively. The sensitivity test of closing the underlying surface flux shows that the heat flux and vapor flux of the sea surface play different roles on the development of the cyclone in different stages, which depends on the intensity of the cyclone, the location of the cyclone and the horizontal distribution characteristics of the flux.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P444
[Abstract]:From January 6 to 9, 2007, a strong burst cyclone weather process occurred in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. The cyclone experienced two stages of explosive development in its life process, the second of which occurred after the onset of the cyclone, and the similar characteristics were rarely found in the previous case studies of explosive cyclones. Using Zwack-Okossi equation and WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting Model) model, the diagnostic analysis and numerical simulation of this particular explosive cyclone are carried out, and the evolution process of the burst cyclone is described in detail. In this paper, the causes of the secondary outbreak of the cyclone after imprisonment are analyzed, and the development mechanism of the two explosive stages of the cyclone is discussed. It is found that the cyclone is formed in the baroclinic zone of the middle and lower troposphere and the favorable baroclinic environment is the basic condition for its development. In the course of moving towards northeast, the cyclone encountered a low vortex system moving eastward in the upper troposphere, and the high and low air system showed an obvious westward dip phenomenon in the vertical direction, and the cyclone below the front part of the upper low vortex developed explosively. When the cyclone begins to imprison, the factors conducive to the development of the cyclone move from the center of the cyclone to the downstream of the cyclone, resulting in the division of the cyclone and the formation of a new cyclone center in the downstream. The new ground cyclone center is once again ahead of the upper level of the low vortex system, which leads to the recurrence of the cyclone. The diagnostic analysis of the Zwack-Okossi equation shows that, The forcing factors of cyclones at two stages of explosive development are not identical. In the first stage of explosive development, the combined effects of cyclonic vorticity advection, warm advection and non-adiabatic heating resulted in the explosive development of cyclones. Among them, non-adiabatic heating is the most important forcing factor to promote the development of cyclones: in the second stage of explosive development, the effect of non-adiabatic heating is very small. Baroclinic forcing (i.e. cyclonic vorticity advection and warm advection) is the most important forcing factor to promote the development of cyclone. The sensitivity test of closing latent heat release shows that latent heat heating and baroclinic forcing of upper air system promote the development of cyclones through a positive feedback process. The positive feedback process can be described as follows: the cyclonic vorticity advection at the front of the upper vortex / trough and the warm advection in the ridge region force the upper layer divergence over the cyclone. Latent heat heating enhances the strength of the ridge system and further affects the baroclinic forcing of the upper layer. The divergence of the upper layer leads to the compensatory ascending motion and the lowering pressure of the lower layer, and further leads to the convergence of the lower layer and the formation of the cyclonic vorticity: the development of the lower layer system leads to the enhancement of the southerly wind and low level jet in the east of the cyclone, As a result, more water vapor is transported to the interior of the cyclone, and the water vapor is strongly uplifted and condensed and released more latent heat, thus forming a positive feedback process. It is through this positive feedback process that the cyclone develops explosively. The sensitivity test of closing the underlying surface flux shows that the heat flux and vapor flux of the sea surface play different roles on the development of the cyclone in different stages, which depends on the intensity of the cyclone, the location of the cyclone and the horizontal distribution characteristics of the flux.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P444
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