基于全息技术的机器视觉测量光路的改进研究
发布时间：2018-11-11 17:18
【摘要】：对于需要利用平行光使物体成像的机器视觉测量仪,有时由于受到仪器自身尺寸条件的限制,使其在较短距离内无法产生一束理想的平行光,从而影响了实时测量的精度和速度。由于全息技术具有真实再现原物光场的特性,加之边缘照明技术具有大大节省空间的作用,本文提出把根据全息原理和边缘照明技术制作好的全息元件应用到这类机器视觉测量仪的内部光路中,对其原来产生平行光的光路加以改进,尝试解决这一问题。通过多次实验,当使入射光从边缘照亮全息元件时,再现出来的平行光的平行度经平晶检验依然很理想,能够降低测量的误差,提高实时测量的精度和速度。本文对机器视觉及全息原理的基本理论进行了详细介绍,提出了机器视觉测量系统的内部成像光路中存在照明光源平行度不理想的问题,并对现有应对方法进行了简单的对比分析,发现这些解决方法仍然存在各自的不足。在此基础上,本文提出了利用全息技术解决光源平行度的方案。首先借助MATLAB软件对这一方案理论上的可行性进行了验证,之后通过搭建全息实验光路进行实验验证,实验时,让参考光与物光分别以60°、66°、72°的夹角进行干涉,多次实验结果表明,衍射再现出来的光是理想的平行光,可以达到减小机器视觉测量系统的测量误差的效果。
[Abstract]:For a machine vision measuring instrument that needs to use parallel light to make an image of an object, it is sometimes unable to produce an ideal parallel light at a short distance due to the limitation of the instrument's own size conditions. Thus, the accuracy and speed of real-time measurement are affected. Because the holography technology has the characteristic of reproducing the original light field, and the edge lighting technology has the function of saving much space, In this paper, the holographic elements made according to holographic principle and edge lighting technology are applied to the internal optical path of this kind of machine vision measuring instrument, and the original optical path which produces parallel light is improved to try to solve this problem. Through many experiments, when the incident light is illuminated from the edge of the holographic element, the parallelism of the reconstructed parallel light is still ideal through the flatness test, which can reduce the measurement error and improve the accuracy and speed of the real-time measurement. In this paper, the basic theory of machine vision and holographic principle is introduced in detail, and the problem that the illumination source parallelism is not ideal in the internal imaging light path of machine vision measurement system is put forward. By comparing and analyzing the existing methods, it is found that these solutions still have their own shortcomings. On this basis, this paper proposes a holographic method to solve the parallelism of light source. Firstly, the feasibility of the scheme is verified by using MATLAB software, and then the holographic experimental light path is built to verify the feasibility of the scheme. In the experiment, the reference light and the object light are interfered at the angles of 60 掳, 66 掳and 72 掳, respectively. The experimental results show that the diffracted light is an ideal parallel light and can reduce the measurement error of the machine vision measurement system.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O438.1
本文编号：2325588
[Abstract]:For a machine vision measuring instrument that needs to use parallel light to make an image of an object, it is sometimes unable to produce an ideal parallel light at a short distance due to the limitation of the instrument's own size conditions. Thus, the accuracy and speed of real-time measurement are affected. Because the holography technology has the characteristic of reproducing the original light field, and the edge lighting technology has the function of saving much space, In this paper, the holographic elements made according to holographic principle and edge lighting technology are applied to the internal optical path of this kind of machine vision measuring instrument, and the original optical path which produces parallel light is improved to try to solve this problem. Through many experiments, when the incident light is illuminated from the edge of the holographic element, the parallelism of the reconstructed parallel light is still ideal through the flatness test, which can reduce the measurement error and improve the accuracy and speed of the real-time measurement. In this paper, the basic theory of machine vision and holographic principle is introduced in detail, and the problem that the illumination source parallelism is not ideal in the internal imaging light path of machine vision measurement system is put forward. By comparing and analyzing the existing methods, it is found that these solutions still have their own shortcomings. On this basis, this paper proposes a holographic method to solve the parallelism of light source. Firstly, the feasibility of the scheme is verified by using MATLAB software, and then the holographic experimental light path is built to verify the feasibility of the scheme. In the experiment, the reference light and the object light are interfered at the angles of 60 掳, 66 掳and 72 掳, respectively. The experimental results show that the diffracted light is an ideal parallel light and can reduce the measurement error of the machine vision measurement system.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O438.1
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