道路网络与城市扩张互动关系研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 20:01

本文关键词：道路网络与城市扩张互动关系研究　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市用地扩张已成为全球化的城市发展潮流。中国作为世界上最大的发展中国家,1981-2015年城市建成区面积增长了约6倍而远大于同期城市化率增速。城市快速扩张引发了耕地锐减、环境破坏、交通拥堵等一系列问题。道路网络是城市扩张的主要动力,与城市扩张存在着密切联系。因而,挖掘二者互动关系及定量关系是引导城市可持续发展的一个新视角。本研究通过理论研究分析城市扩张与道路网络互动关系,开展国家、城市尺度下城市扩张与道路网络的实证研究。基于GIS与遥感技术,对近30年北京、纽约、伦敦、芝加哥城市扩张演化与道路网络格局进行了耦合性分析,并利用回归分析建立道路网络-城市扩张模型计算城市扩张转点。随后对纽约、伦敦、东京、巴黎等13个世界城市计算了城市扩张稳态指数(Urban Expansion Steady-state Index,UESI)。最后,借助Logistic-CA-Markov模型,测度多情景设定下2025年北京市城市扩张状态。主要结论包括:(1)道路网络与城市扩张存在互动关系。道路网络对城市用地扩张具有驱动作用;当城市扩张发生后,反作用于道路网络的优化而导致新城市扩张发生。(2)道路网络密度与城市用地扩张存在空间耦合关系和定量关系,具体表现为“倒U型”,即城市扩张速度随路网密度增长呈现先增加后减少的趋势。北京城市扩张转点值远低于纽约、伦敦、芝加哥,转点值分别为3.3、11.84、16.86与21.40km/km2,同时低于圣保罗市5.1km/km2。(3)城市扩张稳态指数能够有效测度城市扩张态势。当UESI≥0.30时城市用地扩张进入相对稳定的状态。纽约、伦敦、东京等城市UESI指数均大于或接近于0.30,北京、圣保罗市UESI指数低于0.20。(4)经济发展情景(EDS)、规划发展情景(UPS)、生态保护情景(EPS)下的2025年北京城市扩张转点分别为4.1、4.8和5.2 km/km2。如果采用1985-2015年城市扩张阈值,UESIEDS,UESIUPS,UESIEPS分别为0.22,0.25和0.28。因此,大力推进规划引导、集约用地、生态红线划定,有利于大幅度提升北京市2025年城市用地稳定状态,实现城市精明增长。道路网络与城市扩张的互动关系研究,有利于科学认识道路网络的诱导作用和指示作用,优化城市基础设施投资,定量界定城市扩张阶段,为城市土地利用、城市规划和管理决策提供科学参考。
[Abstract]:City land expansion has become the development trend of globalization China city. As the largest developing country in the world, 1981-2015 City built-up area increased by about 6 times and the rate of growth is far greater than the same period in the city. The rapid expansion of the city caused a sharp reduction of cultivated land, environmental destruction, a series of problems such as traffic congestion. The road network is the main power of the city the expansion, there is a close relationship with the city expansion. Therefore, the relationship between mining and quantitative interactions among the two is a new perspective to guide the sustainable development of the city. This study analyzes the city expansion and road network interaction, through the theoretical research carried out empirical research on the expansion of the city and the country, city road network scale under the GIS. Based on remote sensing technology, in the past 30 years, Beijing, New York, London, Chicago city road network expansion and evolution pattern of the coupling analysis, and using regression analysis to build Li - city road network expansion model to calculate the turning point. Then the expansion of the city of New York, London, Tokyo, Paris and other 13 world city to calculate the city expansion index (Urban Expansion Steady-state Index state, UESI). Finally, using Logistic-CA-Markov model to measure multiple scenarios in 2025, urban expansion in Beijing city. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) there is an interaction between the road network and expansion of the city. The road network can promote the land expansion of city; when the city expansion occurred after optimization of reaction in the road network and lead to new city expansion. (2) the city road network density and land expansion, and relation of quantitative spatial coupling, specific performance as the "inverted U", namely the speed of city expansion with road density growth showed a decreasing trend after the first increase. Beijing city expansion to value much lower than in New York, London, Chicago, turning point The values were 3.3,11.84,16.86 and 21.40km/km2, while lower than the 5.1km/km2. of St Paul city (3) city index can effectively measure the steady expansion of city expansion trend. When UESI is larger than 0.30 when the city land expansion into a relatively stable state. New York, London, Tokyo city UESI index is greater than or close to 0.30, Beijing, St Paul city is lower than the UESI index 0.20. (4) scenarios of economic development (EDS), scenario planning (UPS), the development of ecological protection scenario (EPS) under the 2025 Beijing city expansion point were 4.1,4.8 and 5.2 km/km2. if the city is used in 1985-2015 UESIEDS, UESIUPS, threshold expansion, UESIEPS 0.22,0.25 and 0.28. respectively. Therefore, vigorously promote the planning guidance intensive land use, ecological red delineation, can greatly enhance the urban land use in Beijing city in 2025 to achieve a stable state, city smart growth. The expansion of the road network and interactive relationship between the city, there are It is beneficial to scientifically understand the induction and indication function of road network, optimize the investment of urban infrastructure, define the stage of urban expansion quantitatively, and provide a scientific reference for urban land use, urban planning and management decision-making.

【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F299.27

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