工业企业能源管理低碳化路径与政策保障研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 13:12

本文关键词： 工业企业能源管理低碳化路径能源效率　出处：《华北电力大学(北京)》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着全球范围长期大量的使用化石能源,一方面导致传统资源的耗竭,另一方面是引起全球气候变暖,并对人类生存及经济可持续发展带来了严峻挑战。为此,低碳经济(Low Carbon Economy)的概念被提出,如果想要遏制全球气温的持续升高,就必须大力发展低碳经济。目前,低碳经济由于其环保功能倍受国内外推崇。所谓低碳经济是指经济发展的低碳化,包括大力开发低碳产业、发展和推广低碳技术、提倡低碳生活等所有相关经济形态的总称,是以绿色能源、低污染、低排放和高效能、高效率、高效益(三低三高)为基础,以低碳为发展方向,以节能减排为发展方式,以碳中和技术为发展方法的绿色经济发展模式。由于中国目前仍处于经济快速增长和工业化的进程中,在向低碳经济转变中,工业企业只有不断调整能源结构、提高能源效率,才是中国经济发展与降低碳排放的必经之路。工业企业作为国民经济的重要生产单位,其生产经营活动必然伴随着能源的消耗,并成为重要的碳排放部门。因此,实现工业企业能源管理的低碳化,直接影响到企业碳排放的减少和能源的节约。本文以工业企业降低碳排放为前提条件,分析如何利用工业企业已有的“能效管理体系’’,实现能源管理的低碳化。论文的主要创新内容包括以下几个方面：(1)应用能源审计方法分析计算企业的碳排放路径和强度；借助能源审计从而进行能源效率分析,研究分析企业碳排放的下降空间。(2)研究提出了采用新能源进行能源替代的技术性、经济性,并进行了实例分析。构建了新技术、新设备的选择方法,并以电力企业技术改造的案例为基础,进行了实例评价。(3)探讨了产能过剩的原因,并分析了工业企业产能过剩对企业碳排放的影响。构建了一种新的产能与产能利用率测算模型,该新模型针对工业企业生产能力测算具有更加科学合理的优势。文中还基于产能及产能利用率,根据投入产出生产模型,从单要素生产率、全要素生产率以及Malmquist指数等三个方面分析生产能力对工业企业排放的影响分析模型。(4)对工业企业能源低碳化实施效果进行了界定；并从经济性,环境效果和能源系统三方面,构建了工业企业能源管理低碳化实施效果综合评价指标体系。采用基于熵权的AHP方法,对指标进行了赋权。建立了基于模糊综合评价方法的评价模型,通过实地调研等方式获取了相关数据并对其能源管理低碳化效果进行了实证分析。(5)分析了对工业企业实施能源管理低碳化进行政策激励的必要性,应用博弈理论对不同类型的企业行为进行了分析,在此基础上提出了政策保障措施,以保障工业企业能源管理低碳化的实现。
[Abstract]:With the extensive use of fossil energy on a global scale for a long time, on the one hand, it leads to depletion of traditional resources, on the other hand, it causes global warming, and poses a severe challenge to the survival of mankind and the sustainable development of the economy. The concept of a low Carbon economy has been proposed. If we want to curb the continued rise in global temperatures, we must develop a low-carbon economy. Low-carbon economy is highly praised at home and abroad because of its environmental protection function. The so-called low-carbon economy refers to the low carbonization of economic development, including vigorously developing low-carbon industries, developing and promoting low-carbon technologies, advocating low-carbon living and all other related economic forms. It is based on green energy, low pollution, low emission, high efficiency, high efficiency and high efficiency (three low and three high), low carbon as the development direction, energy saving and emission reduction as the development mode. Since China is still in the process of rapid economic growth and industrialization, in the transition to a low-carbon economy, industrial enterprises have to constantly adjust the energy structure and improve energy efficiency. As an important production unit of the national economy, industrial enterprises must be accompanied by energy consumption and become an important carbon emission sector. The realization of low carbonization of energy management in industrial enterprises has a direct impact on the reduction of carbon emissions and energy conservation. This paper analyzes how to make use of the existing energy efficiency management system to realize the low carbonization of energy management. The main innovative contents of this paper include the following aspects: 1) applying the energy audit method to analyze and calculate the carbon emission path and intensity of the enterprise; With the aid of energy audit and energy efficiency analysis, this paper studies and analyzes the decreasing space of carbon emissions of enterprises. It puts forward the technology and economy of using new energy to replace energy, and analyzes the example to construct the new technology. The selection method of new equipment, and based on the case of technical transformation of electric power enterprises, the paper discusses the causes of overcapacity. The influence of overcapacity on carbon emissions in industrial enterprises is analyzed, and a new model for measuring capacity and capacity utilization ratio is constructed. The new model has more scientific and reasonable advantages for measuring industrial enterprises' productive capacity. Based on the production capacity and productivity utilization ratio, the new model is based on the input-output production model, which is based on the single factor productivity. Total factor productivity (TFP) and Malmquist index are used to analyze the impact of productive capacity on industrial enterprise emissions. The model defines the effect of energy low carbonization in industrial enterprises, and defines the effect of energy low carbonization in industrial enterprises from three aspects: economy, environmental effect and energy system. The comprehensive evaluation index system of low carbonization effect of energy management in industrial enterprises is constructed. The index is weighted by AHP method based on entropy weight, and the evaluation model based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is established. Through field research and other ways to obtain relevant data and its energy management low-carbon effect of empirical analysis. 5) analyzed the industrial enterprises to implement energy management low carbonization policy incentives. Based on the analysis of different types of enterprise behavior by using game theory, this paper puts forward the policy guarantee measures to ensure the realization of low carbonization of energy management in industrial enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F425;F206

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