国家治理现代化视域下我国信访制度发展创新研究

发布时间：2018-01-23 03:20

  本文关键词： 信访制度 功能错位 发展创新　出处：《中央财经大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：信访制度面临诸多问题的症结是功能错位。信访制度功能错位的背后深层诱因是作为信访制度渊源的群众路线并没有实现现代转型,同国家治理现代化所蕴含的依法治国思想缺乏良性互动、同步统一。信访制度走出困境的关键在于,信访制度要回归民主政治与社会治理的本义上去。但是,当前的治理方式难以解决这一症结,必须以国家治理现代化为视域,从宏观价值层面、中观制度导向层面、微观机制层面,寻求信访制度发展创新的破解之道。发轫于党的群众路线的信访制度,在革命、建设、改革的具体实践中,为贯彻群众路线,密切党群关系,发挥了重要作用,形成了政治参与、民主监督、权利救济为主的功能。然而,在经济转轨、社会转型时期,社会急剧变迁导致社会断裂和结构分化,加之政治整合无法及时跟进,使信访制度出现了功能错位,具体表现为:原来的政治缓冲强化为政治控制;原来的政治参与演化为权利救济;原来的正向政治整合异化为反向民粹鼓动的权柄。导致信访制度功能错位实践原因在于:利益格局深刻调整,加剧社会矛盾;基层民主制度偏离,阻碍利益表达;法治建设进程迟缓,缺乏行为规范。导致信访制度功能错位的理论原因在于:随着党从革命政党到执政党的地位转变,作为信访制度渊源的群众路线并没有实现现代转型,同国家治理现代化所蕴含的依法治国思想缺乏良性互动、同步统一。信访制度出现的功能错位,将其推到了存废之争的风口浪尖。主废派过分夸大社会的转型,以不合时宜而否定信访制度。主存派强调信访的职责和使命没有变,提出不仅不能取消,还应加强。单纯主张废除、一味突出强化,对解决信访制度的顽疾都非良药,为此,吸取两派之合理因素,联系实际,推动信访制度发展创新才是良策。信访制度的发展创新,绝不能单靠自身的改革与完善来实现。因为,虽然我们用行政命令的方式简单剥离信访制度的衍生功能,信访制度可以因此而松绑,但社会的问题和矛盾是依然存在的。怎么办?回到信访对民主政治和社会治理这一本义上来,促进信访制度的现代转型,从更为宏观的国家治理现代化的视域进行创新发展。这既可以对已经产生的社会矛盾提供制度化的化解渠道,又不会因信访制度的功能回归而放任社会矛盾。为此,信访制度的发展创新要在国家治理现代化视域下,从宏观的价值目标、中观的制度导向、微观的具体对策三个层面寻求突破:在宏观的价值观层面,按照国家治理现代化的价值目标,重塑契合国家治理现代化价值意蕴的信访制度价值旨趣。使日益扭曲的信访价值旨趣回归到以社会主义政治民主的理念为指引、以社会主义市场经济的精神为基础、以社会主义公平正义为目标、以社会主义法治精神为精髓的国家治理现代化的现代价值轨道上去,构建价值目标。在中观的制度建构层面,按照国家治理现代化的制度要求,建立适应国家治理体系现代化需要的信访制度分导路向。在国家治理现代化视域下调整市场、政府、社会、法治的关系,使市场、政府、社会、法治各司其职、有效运转,进行制度创新。在微观的具体对策层面,根据国家治理现代化的现实需要,建立符合国家治理能力现代化需要的信访制度具体对策。通过进行责任信访、阳光信访、法治信访的建设,化解信访制度面临的现实问题,解决市场、政府、社会、公民的关系失序问题,进行机制创新。
[Abstract]:The petition system is facing numerous problems is "deep cause behind the petition system functions as the petition system origin of the mass line and did not realize the modern transformation, with the modernization of national governance implication of the rule of law thought is lack of interaction, synchronization of unified. The key is out of the plight of the petition system, petition system to return to democracy with the original meaning of social governance. However, the current mode of governance is difficult to solve this problem, must be based on the modernization of national governance from the perspective of value, from the macro level, meso system oriented level, mechanism level, the crack of the road for the development of the innovation of the petition system. Beginning in the mass line of the party's petition system in the revolution. The construction of the concrete practice of reform, to carry out the mass line, close ties between the party and play an important role in the formation of political participation, democratic supervision, The right relief function. However, in the economic transition, social transition, social changes lead to social fracture and structural differentiation, and political integration can not be timely follow-up, the petition system has function of dislocation, the specific performance: the original political buffer to strengthen political control; the original political participation for the evolution of right relief; positive the alienation of political integration as the reverse power. That led to encouraging populist petition system functions practical reasons: the profound adjustment of benefit pattern and intensify social contradictions; from grassroots democracy, hindering the expression of interest; legal construction process is slow, the lack of a code of conduct. That leads to the petition system function dislocation theory reason: with the change of the party from a revolutionary party to the position of the ruling party, as the origin of the mass line of the petition system did not achieve the modern transformation, with the modernization of national governance implication The idea of rule by law. The lack of interactive, synchronization of unified functions of petition system appeared, pushing it to the abolition of the dispute in the teeth of the storm. The main waste sent exaggerates the social transformation, to deny the petition system memory be inopportune or inappropriate. The school emphasizes the responsibility and the mission has not changed, it not only can not be canceled, but also strengthen. Simply blindly advocate the abolition, strengthening the petition system, to solve the ills of non medicine, therefore, to absorb the reasonable factors, the two factions of the practice, to promote the development of the innovation system is the best. The development of the petition system innovation, must not be alone to achieve reform and improve itself. Because, although the derivative we use administrative orders has stripped the petition system, petition system can be relaxed, but the social problems and contradictions still exist. How to do? Go back to the petition on democratic politics and society The original meaning of governance, the promotion of modern institutional transformation, innovation and development from a macro perspective of the modernization of the state governance. It can not only provide institutional channels to resolve social contradictions have produced, and will not return because of the function of petition system and laissez faire social contradictions. Therefore, the development and innovation of the petition system to in the modernization of national governance perspective, from the value goal of macro, meso and micro oriented system, the specific measures in three aspects: to seek a breakthrough in the macro level of values, in accordance with the value goal of the modernization of national governance, the petition system value remodeling fit the modernization of national governance value. The petition value increasingly skewed return to the socialist political democracy concept as a guide to the socialist market economy based on the spirit of fairness and justice, to socialism as the goal, to the agency The spirit of rule of track for the essence of the modern value of the modernization of national governance, build the value target. Construction level in view of the system, in accordance with the requirements of the modernization of national governance system, to establish the modernization of national governance systems need to adjust the market direction. The petition system has, in the modernization of national governance from the perspective of the government, society, the relationship between the rule of law so, market, government, social, legal duties, effective operation, system innovation. In the micro level of specific measures, according to the needs of the modernization of national governance reality, establish the petition system specific measures need to the modernization of national governance capacity. The responsibility of the petition, the sunshine petition, the construction of the rule of law to resolve the practical problems of the petition, the petition to solve the system is facing in the market, the government, society, citizen relationship disorder, mechanism innovation.

【学位授予单位】：中央财经大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D632.8
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本文编号：1456554