大学生心理资本积累及其教育管理对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 13:31

  本文选题：心理资本　切入点：积累　出处：《中国矿业大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在各领域竞争日趋激烈的背景下,培养更多具有可持续发展能力的人才已经成为高等教育改革面临的紧迫任务,同时也是大学生成长发展的现实需要。面对竞争与发展,大学生需要积累多种资本,其中,心理资本就是一种能为其带来竞争优势的重要资源。在借鉴美国心理学家Luthans等人关于心理资本的观点的基础上,进一步阐述了大学生心理资本的基本内涵,揭示了自我效能、希望、乐观、韧性的基本特点以及其构成因子的内涵和结构,指出自我效能、希望、乐观和韧性在大学生心理资本中分别发挥着“基础”、“导向”、“助力”和“保障”的功能,共同推动着心理资本不断积累。运用层次分析法构建了大学生心理资本积累现状评价指标体系和大学生心理资本积累影响因素评价指标体系,编制了《大学生心理资本量表》和《大学生心理资本影响因素调查问卷》,通过实证研究,分析了我国大学生心理资本积累现状及其影响因素作用情况。分析发现:一是大学生心理资本积累水平总体处于中等,心理资本积累水平随年级升高呈上升趋势,独立学院学生得分高于其他层次高校学生,直辖市生源学生得分低于其他生源地学生,性别差异带来的心理资本积累水平差异不显著;二是内部影响因素的作用大于外部影响因素,人际支持、性格特征、成就动机和校园文化是影响作用较高的几个因素,从年级、办学层次、生源地以及性别四方面分析来看,一年级和四年级学生、全国重点大学和独立学院学生、县城和地级城市生源学生以及女性学生对影响因素的敏感性较高。依据对大学生心理资本积累现状及影响因素的分析与评估,从五个方面提出了创新和改进大学生教育管理的策略:一是高校应在教育价值观、教育伦理实践效益观、学校育人观、生涯教育观和生命意识教育等方面系统把握高等教育管理规律,形成大学生教育管理工作新理念;二是高校应从生命价值取向的构建、大爱精神对校园文化的引领和理论研究对教育管理创新的推动等方面创新大学生教育管理方法;三是高校应该从开展积极心理教育、加强生涯管理工作、建立积极人际支持机制等方面进一步拓展大学生教育管理途径;四是高校应该从年级差异化、办学层次差异化和生源地差异化视角增强大学生教育管理的针对性;五是高校应从提升辅导员队伍素质和提升教师人格魅力入手提升高校教育管理主体的素质。
[Abstract]:Under the background of increasingly fierce competition in various fields, it has become an urgent task for the reform of higher education to train more talents with the ability of sustainable development, and it is also a realistic need for the growth and development of college students. College students need to accumulate many kinds of capital, among which psychological capital is an important resource that can bring them competitive advantage. This paper further expounds the basic connotation of college students' psychological capital, reveals the basic characteristics of self-efficacy, hope, optimism, toughness and the connotation and structure of its constituent factors, points out that self-efficacy, hope, and hope, Optimism and resilience play the functions of "foundation", "guidance", "help" and "guarantee" in college students' psychological capital, respectively. This paper constructs the evaluation index system of college students' psychological capital accumulation status and the evaluation index system of the influencing factors of college students' psychological capital accumulation by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The psychological capital scale for college students and the questionnaire for influencing factors of college students' psychological capital were compiled, and an empirical study was carried out. This paper analyzes the present situation of college students' psychological capital accumulation in China and its influence factors. It is found that the level of psychological capital accumulation of college students is generally in the middle, and the level of psychological capital accumulation increases with the increase of grade. The scores of independent college students were higher than those of other college students, and the scores of students from the municipality directly under the Central Government were lower than those from other places, and there was no significant difference in the level of psychological capital accumulation brought about by gender differences. Second, the role of internal factors is greater than that of external factors. Interpersonal support, personality characteristics, achievement motivation and campus culture are the most influential factors. From the aspects of grade, school level, source of students and gender, First and fourth year students, students from national key universities and independent colleges, The students and female students of county and prefectural cities are highly sensitive to the influencing factors. Based on the analysis and evaluation of the present situation of college students' psychological capital accumulation and the influencing factors, This paper puts forward the strategies of innovating and improving college students' education management from five aspects: first, colleges and universities should be in the view of educational values, educational ethics practice benefit, school education. In the aspects of career education and life consciousness education, we should systematically grasp the law of higher education management, and form a new concept of college students' education management; second, colleges and universities should construct the orientation of life value. College students' education management methods should be innovated in the aspects of promoting the innovation of education management, the third is that colleges and universities should carry out positive psychological education, strengthen career management, and so on. Fourth, colleges and universities should strengthen the pertinence of college students' education management from the perspectives of grade differentiation, school level differentiation and student origin differentiation. Fifth, colleges and universities should improve the quality of the main body of college education management by improving the quality of counselors and teachers' personality charm.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G647
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本文编号：1634483