当代大学生集体主义教育研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 07:32

本文选题：集体 + 集体主义　；参考：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文所讨论的集体是一种公正、平等、互惠,具有社会价值倾向性的心理共同体。在这种集体基础上的集体主义包涵了集体德性和个人德性两个方面,集体要凸显公共价值,谋求公共利益,建构一种“共同的善”,而个人则要遵循“利他、合作、公共、奉献”四个维度来把个人价值的实现切实融入到“共同的善”中去。大学生集体主义教育涉及集体主义认知、情感、意志、行为四个方面,旨在培养大学生基本价值取向的“利他精神”,工作生活中的“合作精神”,尊重和维护集体权威的“公共精神”,处理利益冲突时的“奉献精神”。经过实证研究发现,不少大学生在认知上对集体主义存在偏见,在情感上集体依赖感淡化,在行为上参与集体活动的积极性不强,在“利他、公共、合作、奉献”四个维度中,奉献精神最弱。在集体主义教育过程中也存在一些问题,具体表现为教育地位动摇、教育内容陈旧、教育方法单一、教育环境不佳等方面。究其原因在于社会、学校和个人三个方面。社会层面具体原因:全球化带来不良社会思潮影响了大学生对集体主义价值观的认同;市场经济的深入发展带来大学生群体的竞争观念和重实利精神的凸显;网络化也影响了大学生对传统集体的依赖感。学校层面具体原因:在学术压力和就业形势的刺激下,高校重视智育而轻视德育;高校关于集体主义教育方面的管理体制不健全;自主选课制度淡化了班集体观念。个人层面具体原因:大学生容易受到外界不良现象的影响,加上这代大学生成长在和平年代,没有经历过重大民族灾难,这也在一定程度上弱化了他们的集体主义观念。针对所述,本文主张从教育主体、教育对象、教育内容、教育载体、教育方法等几个方面来改善大学生集体主义的教育现状。具体分为:提升大学生集体主义教育的认识水平,在教育过程中体现人文关怀;借鉴中国传统“整体主义”思想来丰富集体主义的教育内容,融合中国当代社会主义理论体系来创新集体主义教育内容,以增强其内容的针对性、时代性和层次性;从各类课堂教学和网络空间来拓展大学生集体主义教育载体;运用实践锻炼法、个性教育法和人格教育法来完善大学生集体主义的教育方法。
[Abstract]:The collective discussed in this paper is a kind of psychological community which is just, equal, mutually beneficial and has social value tendency. Collectivism based on this kind of collectivism includes two aspects: collective virtue and individual virtue. The collective should highlight the public value, seek the public interest and construct a kind of "common good", while the individual should follow "altruism, cooperation and public". Four dimensions of dedication to the realization of personal value into the realization of the common good. College students' collectivism education involves four aspects of collectivism cognition, emotion, will and behavior. It aims to cultivate the "altruistic spirit" of college students' basic value orientation and the "spirit of cooperation" in their work and life. The public spirit of respecting and maintaining collective authority and the spirit of dedication in dealing with conflicts of interest. Through the empirical study, it is found that many college students have prejudice to collectivism in cognition, desalination of emotional collective dependence, weak enthusiasm to participate in collective activities in behavior, in the four dimensions of "altruism, public, cooperation and dedication". Dedication is the weakest. In the process of collectivist education, there are also some problems, such as the vacillation of educational status, the outmoded content of education, the single educational method, the poor educational environment, and so on. The reason lies in three aspects: society, school and individual. The concrete reasons of social level are that globalization brings bad social trend of thought which influences college students' identification of collectivism values, the further development of market economy brings about the competition idea and the emphasis on profit spirit of college students. The network also affects the college students' dependence on the traditional collective. The specific reasons at school level: under the stimulation of academic pressure and employment situation, colleges and universities attach importance to intellectual education and despise moral education; the management system of collectivism education in colleges and universities is not perfect; the independent course selection system weakens the concept of class collective. The specific reasons of personal level: college students are vulnerable to the influence of bad external phenomena, and this generation of college students grew up in a peaceful age, without experiencing a major national disaster, which to a certain extent weakened their concept of collectivism. In view of the above, this paper proposes to improve the present situation of college students' collectivism from the aspects of educational subject, object, content, carrier and method of education. It can be divided into three parts: to raise the level of college students' collectivism education, to embody humanistic concern in the process of education, to enrich the educational contents of collectivism by drawing lessons from Chinese traditional "holism", Integrating the contemporary socialist theory system of China to innovate the contents of collectivism education in order to enhance its pertinence, times and levels, to expand the carrier of collectivist education for college students from all kinds of classroom teaching and network space; To perfect the collectivism education method of college students by using the practice exercise method, the personality education method and the personality education method.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G641

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