田径动作技能系统特征及其学习过程中迁移指导策略研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 12:33

本文选题：田径运动项目 + 动作技能系统　；参考：《北京体育大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：借助复杂性科学的相关理论,分析和探求田径动作技能系统的复杂性特征及其研究路径,有助于人们从总体上认识和把握田径动作技能系统运行的内在规律及机理,拓宽田径动作技能学习的研究思路,对促进田径动作技能理论研究的深入和实践水平的不断提高具有重要的指导意义。本文分三个部分：第一部分,从田径动作技能基本特征出发,借助复杂性科学的相关原理,分析田径动作技能系统复杂性特征及其研究路径；第二部分,以田径动作技能系统复杂性特征为切入点,结合人类学习一般规律,阐述田径动作技能的学习特点；第三部分,结合田径动作技能学习特点,对学习过程中普遍存在的迁移现象进行个案研究,提出田径动作技能学习的有效指导策略。研究采用文献综述、调查、数理统计和实验等研究方法对田径动作技能学习的相关问题进行了理论阐释和实践运用,在前人未曾涉及或涉及不深的问题上取得了一些研究进展,得出了以下结论： (1)田径动作技能的特征表现为,以大肌肉群活动为主的技能、包括多种动作性质的技能和属于封闭性技能三个方面。 (2)田径动作技能系统是一个复杂性系统,借助涌现生成理论、协同理论和耗散结构理论的研究思路分析田径动作技能系统,能够为田径动作技能学习提供方法论指导。 (3)田径动作技能学习特点表现为,对学习者两侧肢体的影响具有非对称性特点；强调技能学习的完整性,有利于提高技能学习效果；学习者具备较强的认知能力,有利于提高技能水平。 (4)田径动作技能的学习目标为技能获得、运动能力提高和知识掌握。迁移(两侧性和语言—技能迁移)指导策略的应用,有利于学生对田径动作技能的掌握、学生基本运动能力的提高以及对田径动作技能知识的获得。 (5)为最大限度地发挥迁移指导策略在田径动作技能学习中的实际应用价值有必要充分认识其应用过程中的优势和不足,以采取有效措施,提高迁移指导策略的实际应用效果。
[Abstract]:With the help of the theory of complexity science, this paper analyzes and explores the complexity characteristics and research path of track and field action skill system, which is helpful for people to understand and grasp the inherent law and mechanism of track and field action skill system. Broadening the research ideas of track and field action skills learning has important guiding significance to promote the theoretical research of track and field action skills and the continuous improvement of the practical level. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part, starting from the basic characteristics of track and field action skills, with the help of the related principles of complexity science, analyzes the complexity characteristics of track and field action skills system and its research path, the second part, With the complex characteristics of track and field action skills system as the starting point, combined with the general rules of human learning, this paper expounds the learning characteristics of track and field action skills; the third part, combined with the characteristics of track and field action skills learning, A case study was carried out on the transfer phenomenon in the process of learning, and an effective guiding strategy for the learning of track and field action skills was put forward. The research uses literature review, investigation, mathematical statistics and experiments to explain and practice the related problems of track and field movement skills learning, and has made some progress on the problems that have not been involved or have not been involved in the past. The following conclusions were drawn: 1) the characteristics of track and field action skills are as follows: large muscle group activities are the main skills, including a variety of movement skills and closed skills. 2) track and field action skill system is a complex system, which can provide methodological guidance for track and field action skill learning by means of emergent generation theory, cooperative theory and dissipative structure theory. 3) the characteristics of track and field action skill learning are that the influence on both limbs is asymmetrical, the integrality of skill learning is beneficial to the improvement of skill learning effect, and the learner has strong cognitive ability. It is helpful to improve the skill level. 4) the learning goal of track and field action skills is to acquire skills, improve athletic ability and master knowledge. The application of transfer (bilateral and language-skill transfer) guiding strategies is beneficial to the students' mastery of track and field movement skills, the improvement of students' basic athletic ability and the acquisition of knowledge of track and field movement skills. 5) in order to give full play to the practical application value of transfer guidance strategy in track and field action skill learning, it is necessary to fully understand its advantages and disadvantages in the process of application, so as to take effective measures to improve the practical application effect of transfer guidance strategy.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G82

【参考文献】