结构功能主义视角下新中国竞技篮球运动的演进

发布时间：2019-06-02 23:50

【摘要】：为了促进新中国竞技篮球运动良性演进，结合文献资料法、历史法和比较法，运用帕森斯结构功能主义理论，把新中国竞技篮球运动演进作为一次社会行动，把新中国竞技篮球运动行动系统作为中国社会行动系统的一个子系统，分别探讨了在普及与提高阶段和快速发展阶段新中国竞技篮球运动系统的结构功能特征和存在的问题；运用帕森斯结构功能主义社会变迁理论，探讨了新中国竞技篮球运动从普及与提高阶段向快速发展阶段演进的原因及规律，探讨了新中国竞技篮球运动行动系统存在的问题，并提出了如何促进新中国竞技篮球运动良性演进的建议等。研究得出了以下结论：1.新中国竞技篮球运动从普及与提高阶段向快速发展阶段演进，主要存在的问题是行动系统采用计划经济行政管理组织方式造成的管理体制僵化，演进的原因主要是因新中国进行经济体制改革而造成的外部原因引起的；新中国竞技篮球运动行动系统快速发展阶段的演进，存在的主要问题是行动系统子系统界限不清楚、行动系统人才培养体系不完善造成的资源整合差和行动系统长效治理规则有待完善等，主是由内部原因引起的。2.在普及与提高阶段，新中国竞技篮球运动行动系统由体育系统和行业系统组成，行动系统的角色主要是承担国家政治任务，行动系统人力资源来自于三级后备人才培养选拔体系，物质资源等通过国家计划配置资源的方式获取；行动系统的主要目标是社会效益目标（政治目标），目标达成主要通过按照计划经济体制的方式完成；行动系统的整合是通过公有制规则等规则组成，和通过采用计划经济行政管理模式来实现等；行动系统的维模是通过以政治意识形态和集体主义等价值体制的内化，和通过国家对竞技篮球的各种政策和运动工作制度的制约来完成等；在第二时期前期，因国家政治运动的影响，行动系统的演进几乎倒退或停滞。3.从普及与提高阶段向快速发展阶段演进时，新中国竞技篮球运动行动系统子系统由体育系统、行业系统演变为体育系统、行业系统、俱乐部系统，其中行业系统中的教育系统得到了很快的发展，逐渐取代行业系统；行动系统的动机主要由政治和集体的原因演变为经济、政治、个人和集体等的原因；行动系统获取资源的方式由计划演变为市场和计划两种方式；行动系统角色增加了发展体育产业，教育系统的角色有待调整，行动系统的地位以体育系统处于主导地位等。4.从普及与提高阶段向快速发展阶段演进时，新中国竞技篮球运动行动系统的目标结构增加了经济目标、俱乐部比赛目标，俱乐部系统的目标次序还有待调整；目标达成由政策引导演变为政策和法律引导，，组织形式增加了俱乐部组织形式，行业系统组织形式逐渐由教育系统代替等。5.从普及与提高阶段向快速发展阶段演进时，社会整合的规则体系由公有制为基础多种所有制是重要组成部分的所有权规则等组成，社会组织管理由计划经济行政管理模型向行政部门负责宏观调整和制定政策，篮球管理中心和篮球社会团体负责具体微观的事物等。6.从普及与提高阶段向快速发展阶段演进时，行动系统的维模内部由政治意识形态等价值体系的内化演变为经济、个人等价值体系的内化，外部由政策和工作条例的控制演变为政策和法律控制等。为了促进新中国竞技篮球运动的良性演进，提出了以下建议：对于行动系统人才培养存在的问题，新中国竞技篮球运动行动系统体育系统和教育系统通过国家法律和政策指导，结合社会力量进行资源整合，逐步实现和完善“体教合一”后备人才培养体系。对于行动系统组织管理存在的问题，新中国竞技篮球运动管理应进行两次分化，首先进行垂直分化，中国篮球运动管理中心应分化为中国篮球运动协会社会团体，国家体育行政部门只进行宏观调控、制定法规政策和确定国家竞技篮球运动发展方针等，具体和细微的事情由社会团体和经济实体等出完成；再水平分化为中国篮球运动协会、篮球俱乐部实体等平等实体。
[Abstract]:In ord to promote that benign evolution of the new Chinese competitive basketball, combined with the literature, the historical and the comparative method, the Parsons structural functionalism theory is used, and the evolution of the new Chinese competitive basketball is used as a social action. As a sub-system of China's social action system, the new China's competitive sports system as a sub-system of China's social action system is discussed. The reason and law of the evolution of the new Chinese competitive basketball from the popularization and the improvement stage to the rapid development stage is discussed by using the theory of Parsons structural functionalism, and the problems existing in the new Chinese competitive basketball system are discussed. The article also puts forward some suggestions on how to promote the benign evolution of the new Chinese competitive basketball. The following conclusions are drawn: 1. The development of the new Chinese competitive basketball from the stage of popularization and improvement to the rapid development stage, the main problem is that the system of action caused by the administrative organization of the planned economy The reason of the evolution is mainly due to the external causes caused by the reform of the economic system in the new China; the evolution of the rapid development stage of the new Chinese competitive basketball movement system is the main problem that the system sub-system of the operation system is not clear The imperfection of the talent training system of the operation system and the long-term governance rules of the operation system need to be improved, etc., and the main reason is caused by the internal reason. 2. At the stage of popularization and improvement, the operation system of the new Chinese competitive basketball is composed of the sports system and the industry system, the role of the action system is mainly to take the national political task, and the human resources of the operation system come from the three-level reserve personnel training and selection body The main objective of the action system is the social benefit objective (political objective), and the goal is to be completed mainly through the planned economic system; the integration of the action system is through the rule group of public ownership rules and the like It is realized through the adoption of the administrative management mode of the planned economy; the dimensional model of the operation system is achieved through the internalization of the value system such as the political ideology and the collectivism, and the restriction of the various policies and the sports working system of the competition basketball through the state; and before the second period, The evolution of the system of action has almost reversed or stalled due to the impact of the political movement of the State. 3. From the stage of popularization and improvement to the development of the rapid development stage, the system of the new China's competitive sports system consists of the sports system, the industry system, the sports system, the industry system and the club system. The system of action is gradually substituted for the industry system; the motivation of the system of action is mainly driven by the causes of economic, political, personal and collective; the way the system of action obtains the resources is changed into two ways: the market and the plan; the role of the system of action increases the development of the sports production The role of the educational system needs to be adjusted, and the status of the system of action is in the leading position of the sports system. 4. In the development of the rapid development stage from the stage of popularization and improvement, the target structure of the new Chinese competitive sports system has increased the economic target, the goal of the club competition, the target order of the club system and the adjustment to be adjusted, and the goal is to change from the policy guidance to the policy and the law. In that form of the organization of the club, the form of the organization of the club is increase, and the organizational form of the industry system is gradually replaced by the education system. 5. From the stage of popularization and improvement to the evolution of the rapid development stage, the rule system of social integration is composed of the ownership rules and other groups of the important part of the system of ownership, which is based on the public ownership. The administrative management model of the planned economy is responsible for the macro adjustment and development of the policy, the basketball management center and the basketball social group to be responsible for the specific micro-things and so on. 6. From the stage of popularization and improvement to the evolution of the rapid development stage, the internal development of the system of action is changed into the internalization of the value system of the economy and the individual by the internalization of the value system, such as the political ideology, and the outside is the policy and the legal control by the control of the policy and the working regulations. In order to promote the benign evolution of the new Chinese competitive basketball, the following suggestions are put forward: for the problems of the personnel training of the system of operation, the sports system and the education system of the new China's competitive basketball system are passed through the national laws and the administration To guide and integrate the resources with the social forces, to gradually realize and perfect the "unity of body and education" reserve talents culture In order to solve the problems existing in the management of the operation system, the management of the new China's competitive basketball should be divided two times. First, the vertical differentiation should be carried out. The Chinese basketball management center should be divided into the social groups of the Chinese Basketball Association, and the national sports administration will only carry out the macro In view of the regulation and regulation, the formulation of the regulation policy and the determination of the development policy of the national competitive basketball, the specific and minor matters are completed by the social groups and the economic entities, and then the level is divided into the Chinese Basketball Association, the basketball club entity and the like.
【学位授予单位】：武汉体育学院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G841

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