论《接骨师之女》中的华裔美国女性身份建构

发布时间：2017-12-27 07:20

本文关键词：论《接骨师之女》中的华裔美国女性身份建构　出处：《长江大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：谭恩美作为华裔美国女性对美国文学产生了巨大的影响,其小说关注了华裔美国女性在美国生存的艰难处境,因此在华裔美国文学界中占据着举足轻重的地位。本文将根据社会构建理论着重探讨谭恩美小说《接骨师之女》中的美国华裔女性的性别身份、文化身份及种族身份的建构,具体分析身份缺失的原因,并根据相应的观点提出解决方案。论文第一部分重点阐释了小说《接骨师之女》中华裔女性的性别身份建构。社会构建理论认为,社会赋予女性的形象和观点都是源于父权社会对于女性的偏见造成的,而这种偏见被男性固化和扭曲,最终形成一种想象中的现实,因此,打破这种固化的想象中的现实,构建全新的华裔美国女性形象主要从以下方面着手:首先,从对象化角度分析了小说中美国华裔女性在“性自主”方面反抗男性将女性物化的思想及与男性争夺话语权,对自己的身体的支配权,和重新获得表达自我感情的意愿,同时强调了女性在家庭中的重要地位,反驳了长期存在于东西方的厌女情节;其二,从妇女主义的角度分析了小说中华裔女性与本族女性和外国女性联合起来共同对抗父权制度,并指出华裔女性能够独立自主地处理家庭内部和外部事务;其三,阐释了小说中西方国家对东方女性的扭曲化情形,指出只有重新树立全新的华裔女性或中国女性的形象,华裔女性才能得到美国主流社会尊重和接受。论文第二部分着重探讨了小说《接骨师之女》中华裔美国女性的种族身份构建。社会构建理论认为,对于某种事物的了解和把握,不能仅仅停留在原有的层面,而应采取批判性立场和发展的眼光,对于构建种族身份来说,亦是如此。首先,从文化多元主义的角度分析了小说中种族间的融合,指出美国社会是一个融合各个种族的优点的多种族社会,因此,保持中美两种文化在自身上的平衡有利于构建新的种族身份,也可以避免刻意回避某种种族性而导致边缘化的尴尬处境;其二,从反种族中心主义的角度分析了小说中美国华裔女性在破除中美两种文化优越感的方面所进行的种族身份构建;其三,从华裔女性无法避免文化杂糅的角度出发,着重分析了小说中华裔女性在文化杂糅中保持积极的种族态度和自身的民族性的困境;其四,从颠覆内化种族主义和东方主义的角度着重分析了华裔美国女性小说作家抱有的种族自憎的心态,认为该群体不应该在不了解中国的前提下歪曲反映历史事实。论文第三部分着重阐释小说《接骨师之女》中美国华裔女性的文化身份建构。社会构建理论主要关注的是某种社会现象的产生,制度化,推广以及最后成为社会传统的过程,并且指出,人们应该敢于反抗业已形成的社会观点进而形成对某种社会现象的正确认知。首先,阐释了小说中华裔美国女性在反抗中美两种文化霸权和男性沙文主义过程中逐渐建构起了新的文化身份。其二,从多维空间的自然增长和分离理论的角度分析了美国华裔女性通过实现两种文化属性彼此适应来构建新的文化身份,并借用“第三种文化”的观点强调了在文化适应过程中华人女性移民和美国华裔女性认同中国文化的必要性。其三,利用第三文化儿童或第三文化个人的观点分析了小说中中国女性移民以及美国华裔女性为构建新的文化身份在对待祖国文化时应采取的立场。第六章为结论部分。文章认为,谭恩美及其小说都有成功之处和不足之处。首先,谭恩美通过该小说成功地向美国主流社会展示了全新的华人女性形象,这对于确立她们的社会地位、改善她们的生存处境及认清自身的文化和种族身份等方面起到了积极的推动作用,比如,小说中的华人女性虽生活在旧中国但她们具有超前的思想意识,不仅追求自由的爱情、重视子女的教育,争取平等的继承权,而且不断与现实社会抗争,积极寻求实现中美文化平衡发展的道路,不断探索不同种族性和谐相处的途径,这也是谭恩美大量创作美国华裔小说的题中之义,也为其它多民族国家在解决种族问题上提供了宝贵的经验。其小说也深刻地揭示了华裔美国女性构建性别身份,种族身份和文化身份的心路历程,探讨了中西方文化碰撞与交融,而且还对于处理传统中国与现代美国,民族性和世界性等复杂关系的现实问题具有重要的启迪意义。但是,不难看出,谭恩美始终未摆脱利用西方女性形象来重新设置华裔女性形象的嫌疑。小说中的诸多细节虽然在表面上赞美了华裔女性的勇敢、机智、甚至特立独行,但实际上都是从反面赞美了美国女性的诸多品质。不仅如此,谭恩美虽然想通过塑造小说中几乎完美的女性形象来彻底改变西方国家对于中国女性和华裔女性的偏见和误解,但是,她对与这些女性相关的中国文化和中国民俗风情的大量描写是不全面的甚至是荒谬的,又会加重中国的东方神秘色彩。
[Abstract]:Amy Tan, a Chinese American woman, has a great influence on American literature. Her novels focus on the difficult situation of Chinese American women in the United States, so they occupy a pivotal position in Chinese American literature. Based on the theory of social construction, this article will focus on the construction of Chinese American women's gender identity, cultural identity and racial identity in Amy Tan's the bones of the bones, analyze the causes of identity loss, and propose solutions based on the corresponding views. The first part of the thesis focuses on the construction of the gender identity of the Chinese American women in the novel "the woman of the bone master". The social construction theory that society gives female images and ideas are derived from the patriarchal society for women's prejudice, but this prejudice by men cured and distorted, resulting in an imaginary reality, therefore, break the curing of imaginary reality, build a new image of Chinese American female mainly from the following aspects: firstly, analyzes the Chinese American women in the "independent" women against male design and men compete for the right to speak from the perspective of object, control of their own body weight, and re expressed feelings of self willingness, and emphasizes the importance of women in the family the counter has long existed in the eastern and Western misogyny; secondly, from the perspective of womanism of novels of Chinese American women and the women and foreign women come together to fight against patriarchy The system, and points out that Chinese women can handle the family internal and external affairs independent; thirdly, explains the western novels of the distortions of Oriental women, pointed out only to set up the new Chinese women or women China image of Chinese women in order to get into the American mainstream society respect and accept. The second part of the thesis focuses on the construction of the ethnic identity of the Chinese American women of the novel "the woman of the bone master". The theory of social construction holds that understanding and grasping certain things can't just stay at the original level, but take a critical stand and a vision of development for the construction of racial identity. First of all, from the perspective of cultural pluralism fusion racial novels, points out that American society is a fusion of all races has multiracial society, therefore, to keep us two kinds of culture in their own balance is conducive to building a new racial identity, also can avoid some races and deliberately avoided the lead edge the embarrassing situation; second, from the anti ethnocentric perspective of racial identity construction in the novels of Chinese American women to get rid of the two aspects of the cultural superiority; third, Chinese women from the inevitable cultural hybridity perspective, analyzes the novels of Chinese American women to keep positive attitudes to race and their own national dilemma in cultural hybridity; fourth, the internalization of racism and subversion of Orientalism perspective focuses on the analysis of the Chinese American women writers have some The self - abominable mentality of the race believes that the group should not distort the historical facts without understanding China. The third part of the thesis focuses on the interpretation of the cultural identity construction of Chinese American women in the novel "the woman of the bone master". The theory of social construction focuses mainly on the generation, institutionalization, popularization and finally the process of social tradition. It also points out that people should dare to fight against the already formed social views and form a correct cognition of some social phenomenon. First, it explains the new cultural identity of the Chinese American women in the process of resisting the two kinds of cultural hegemony and masculine chauvinism in China and the United States. Second, from the natural growth of multidimensional space and separation of the perspective of the theory of the Chinese American women through the realization of two kinds of cultural attributes to adapt to each other to build a new cultural identity, and use the "third cultures" view emphasizes the cultural adaptation process of Chinese women immigrants and Chinese American women's cultural identity China necessity. Thirdly, we take the view of third cultural children or third cultural individuals to analyze the position of Chinese female immigrants and Chinese American women in building new cultural identity and treating their motherland culture. The sixth chapter is the conclusion part. The article holds that Amy Tan and his novels have some successes and shortcomings. First of all, Amy Tan through the novel successfully to the mainstream American society to show Chinese new female image, this is to establish their social status and improve their survival situation and recognize their own cultural and ethnic identity has played a positive role in promoting, for example, in the novels of Chinese women live in the old China but they have advanced ideology, not only the pursuit of free love and attention to their children's education, equal inheritance rights, and constantly and the reality of social struggle, and actively seek to achieve a balanced development of the Sino US Cultural Road, continue to explore different ways of racial harmony, Amy Tan this is the creation of a large number of Chinese American novels in the meaning of also, for other multi-ethnic countries in solving the problems of race on valuable experience. The novel also reveals Chinese American female gender identity construction mentality, racial identity and cultural identity, to explore the western culture collision and fusion, but also for the treatment of traditional and modern American China, nation and world complex relationships in realistic problems have important enlightening significance. However, it is not difficult to see that Amy Tan has never been able to get rid of the suspicion of using the image of the Western women to reestablish the image of Chinese women. Many of the details in the novel, though praising the bravery, wit, and even the unique practice of the Chinese women, are in fact all from
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074

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