辽阳白塔砖雕的纹饰探究

发布时间：2018-01-03 00:16

本文关键词：辽阳白塔砖雕的纹饰探究　出处：《沈阳大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着现代社会的快速发展和生活水平的提高,只有少部分人看重对历史文化的追求和探索。我们中国古代的文化经过千百年的积淀,中国古代的砖塔上的雕刻纹饰是劳动人们创造艺术的结晶,也是古代悠久历史文明的见证。探究辽阳白塔砖雕纹饰的目的旨在于其形式与内容所传达文化历史信息,以及特点、艺术价值对当下环境艺术应用的影响。为此,笔者将着手从辽阳白塔历史溯源、砖雕特点、结构及纹饰特征、砖雕纹饰的艺术价值等问题进行分析探究。辽阳白塔的修建源于信奉佛教意图,佛龛、佛造像传达了佛教寓意;传神的飞天造型强调了对天神敬礼;阴阳八卦方位符号掺杂了道教尊崇;花卉、伏虎麒麟瑞兽表达了世俗愿望,组成了辽阳白塔砖雕题材内容。证明了佛教传入中国后,能广泛传扬并得以发展的根本原因是佛教吸纳了中国本土儒家思想道教观念,顺应了东方文化需求及民众神论心里。除了结构造型的佛教意蕴,辽阳白塔在整体布局上疏密关系运用的恰如其分,缜密的十三层的密檐瓦盖、基座栏饰的重叠镶嵌、斗拱的勾心斗角,其间反衬出一层塔身空旷壁面,凿龛立佛,使观拜者专心敬慕参礼膜拜。在砖雕纹饰上,简单的道具纹饰传达人物造型存在用意、人物面部造型微小变化,恰到地描绘出人物性格。辽阳白塔砖雕纹饰的形式美感来源于视觉的舒适度和冲击力,在浪漫和理性中,神与人的跳入跳出,创造不朽的艺术。审美需求的多样性导致了时尚与复古、浪漫与实用等诸多对冲观念的存在。探究辽阳白塔砖雕纹饰更在于能给时代建筑造型装饰带来新思考,利用砖雕纹饰的构成要素,点缀装饰新建筑;利用砖雕纹饰粗放简约的特点,达到建筑与自然的和谐统一。砖雕艺术要想更广泛地应用在当代建筑与景观中,必须建立提升建筑景观的整体意境,在传承中实现砖雕艺术的应用与创新,在人们生活居住环境改善的同时,实现我们全新的感受和审美诉求。辽阳白塔砖雕纹饰朴实而又不失细节,人物造像精准,巧妙利用结构关系建立时空概念等的诸多特点,给了我们视觉和精神上太多美的享受,更给了我们关于艺术与现实的思考与解答。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern society and the improvement of living standards, only a few people on the history and culture of the pursuit and exploration. We China ancient culture through thousands of years of accumulation, China ancient pagoda carved decoration is working people create art crystallization, is also a long history of civilization, ancient Liaoyang Baita inquiry witness. The brick decoration purpose of its form and content to convey information about history and culture, as well as the characteristic, effect and artistic value of the current environment art application. Therefore, the author will start from the White Pagoda in Liaoyang history, brick carving and decoration characteristics, structure characteristics, analysis of brick decoration artistic value. The building of the White Pagoda in Liaoyang from the Buddhist shrines, Buddha statues intentions, to convey the meaning of Buddhism; vivid flying Apsaras emphasizes the gods salute; Yin and Yang Taoist symbol doping range Exalted; flowers, auspicious expression of secular desires Fuhu kylin, formed the Liaoyang white brick theme. It is proved that the introduction of Buddhism Chinese, can cause wide spread and development of Buddhism is to absorb the ideas of Taoism Chinese native Confucianism, conform to the needs of Dongfang Wen and the people heart. In addition to Buddhism theistic implications structure modeling. Liaoyang Baita density in the overall layout of the relationship between the use of the thirteen layer to a proper extent, careful dense eaves tile cover, overlapping base bar ornaments inlaid, Dougong intrigue, show a layer of the tower in an empty wall, standing Buddha niches chisel, the concept of worship and ritual worship. In respect to the brick decoration. Simple figures are intended to convey decorative props, facial plastic small changes, just to depict the character. The White Pagoda in Liaoyang in the form of beauty from brick decoration visual comfort and The impact force in the romantic and rational, God and the people jump out, creating the immortal artistic diversity. The aesthetic demand led to fashion and retro, romantic and practical ideas exist. Many hedge brick decoration in Liaoyang Baita inquiry can bring new thinking to the building decoration era, using elements of brick decoration, decoration of new buildings; using the characteristics of extensive and simple brick decoration, to achieve harmony between architecture and nature. Brick art would be more widely used in modern architecture and landscape, must establish the overall mood to enhance the construction of the landscape, to realize the innovation and application of brick art in the tradition, in the living environment improvement at the same time, we realize the new feeling and aesthetic appeal. Liaoyang white brick ornamentation simple and without losing details, figurines of precise, clever use of the structure relationship established the concept of time and space Many of the characteristics of it give us the enjoyment of too much beauty in the vision and spirit, and also give us the thinking and answer about art and reality.

【学位授予单位】：沈阳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J314.9

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