男性气质理论视域下的《瓦解》研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 15:21

本文关键词：男性气质理论视域下的《瓦解》研究　出处：《华侨大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《瓦解》是尼日利亚作家钦努阿·阿契贝的代表作,也是现代非洲文学的经典。作品讲述了一位盲目崇拜男性力量的部落英雄-奥贡喀沃—在英国殖民入侵过程中,由于外界环境和个人性格弱点的双重作用,最终选择自杀的悲剧故事。自1958年发表以来,《瓦解》已引起众多学者的关注。男性与女性的性别角色,以及伊博文化对两性关系的态度,是小说中被研究得最多的主题之一。然而,这些研究或是从女性主义或妇女主义出发,或只是集中在对男主人公奥贡喀沃的探讨上,而忽略了小说中其他的男性人物。本论文旨在从男性气质理论的视角解读《瓦解》,运用康奈尔、基梅尔、以及弗洛伊德的男性气质理论观点,对文本中反映出的英国殖民前后伊博族男性气质的表现及变迁进行细致分析,从而更好的理解文本,理解伊博社会,理解阿契贝的男性气质观及其对殖民主义的态度。论文结合殖民前后伊博社会的政治、经济、文化语境,阐述了传统伊博社会勇士男性气质以及殖民时期市场男性气质的表现。伊博族传统勇士男性气质既具有英勇强壮等品质,也具有温和高贵的美德。在殖民过程中,勇士男性气质被阉割、被边缘化,丢失了自身身份及尊严,被物质主义所侵蚀,演变为殖民化的市场男性气质。文章也详尽分析了伊博社会中不同男性气质的建构及表现。作为伊博族男权文化支配性男性气质的代表,奥贡喀沃对勇士男性气质的误读,对伊博文化中的女性价值观及原则的抛弃,是其悲剧的主要根源。奥贡喀沃的父亲乌诺卡及儿子诺亚属于从属性男性气质,他们天性温和柔弱,无法适应崇尚力量与勇气的伊博社会。奥贡喀沃的好友奥比埃里卡能较好地平衡自身及社会文化中阳刚与阴柔两个方面,因而能建构更为健康的男性气质。《瓦解》既体现了阿契贝对殖民主义的批判,也蕴含了阿契贝的男性气质观。他呼吁族人重拾传统,重拾勇士男性气质。他认同父权制的思想,但反对支配性男性气质,认为男性应该是一家之主,家庭的保护者,而不是残暴的统治者。他呼吁对女性给予更多尊重,建立和谐的两性关系。
[Abstract]:< > collapse is a representative of Nigeria writer Chinua Achebe, is also the modern African literature. Classical works tells the story of a blind worship of male power tribal hero - Kawo - Ogun in the British colonial invasion process, due to the dual role of the external environment and individual character weakness, eventually tragic story. Dutch act published since 1958, < > collapse has caused the attention of many scholars. The gender roles of male and female, and the attitude of Igbo culture of gender relations, is one of the themes in the novel is the most studied. However, these studies or from the point of view of feminism and womanism, or just focus on the hero of Kawo Augu, while ignoring the other male characters in the novel. This thesis from the perspective of the theory of masculinity "collapse >, using Connell, Kimmel, and Freud's men Temperament theory, detailed analysis on the changes of performance and Igbo masculinity reflected in the text before and after the British, in order to better understand the text, understand Igbo society, understand Achebe's masculinity view and attitude of colonialism. The combination of political, social and economic context of the colonial Igbo culture, explained, the traditional Igbo society warriors masculinity and colonial masculinity market performance. Igbo traditional masculinity has strong brave warriors such as quality, also has gentle noble virtues. In colonial process, warrior masculinity was castrated, marginalized, lost their own identity and dignity, eroded by materialism. The evolution of market masculinity colonization. Article also detailed analysis of the construction and performance of different male temperament of the Igbo society. As the Igbo male right culture branch Representative with masculinity, Ogun Kawo misreading of masculinity to abandon the warriors, and the principle of Igbo culture in their values, is a major cause of the tragedy. The father and son Kawo Augu unoka Noah subordinated masculinity, their nature moderate weak, unable to adapt to the strength and courage of the Igbo society advocate Kawo. Ogun's friend Obi Erika can better balance the two aspects of self and social culture of the masculine and feminine, so as to construct a more healthy male temperament. < > collapse not only embodies the Achebe criticized colonialism, but also contains the concept of Achebe's masculinity. He urged people to regain the tradition, to regain the Warriors male temperament. He agreed with the patriarchal ideology, but against the hegemonic masculinity, that men should be the head of the family, the family's protector, instead he calls the cruel rulers. Women give more respect to the establishment of a harmonious relationship between the sexes.

【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I437.074

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