辛格动物解放思想研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 10:30

本文关键词： 动物解放平等功利主义非人类中心主义　出处：《河北大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：辛格的动物解放思想是环境伦理学中极为重要的理论,其理论是在工业文明对环境的破坏、反歧视运动的发展等历史条件下提出的。边沁的功利主义思想、自然价值理论为辛格的动物解放思想提供了理论基础。辛格的动物解放思想在其整个哲学思想体系中处于十分重要的地位。对辛格哲学理论影响最深的理论是功利主义思想,其动物解放思想也围绕着功利主义思想展开。辛格以有无感受痛苦能力作为划分道德权利的标准,以此界定应给予所有动物平等的道德关怀,并以利益的平等考虑原则作为对待动物的基本原则。以上述原则为基础,在实践上,辛格主张人类实现素食主义,建立人类与自然的新型关系。在思想上,辛格强烈呼吁人们摒弃物种主义的观念,平等的对待动物。对辛格动物解放思想的评论,学界一向褒贬不一,众说纷纭。就其合理性而言,辛格动物解放思想对人类中心主义进行了合理的反思,突破了人类中心主义的局限性,拓宽了道德哲学的关怀范围。就其理论的缺陷而言,辛格动物解放思想的功利主义基础与平等原则相矛盾。同时,动物解放思想过于看重个体的利益,缺乏整体主义视角。就其实践性而言,由于当代的文化、社会以及经济发展的制约,辛格动物解放思想又面临着难以实践的问题。虽然辛格的动物解放思想有不足之处,但作为环境伦理学重要的理论成果之一,无论是理论上还是实践上,都具有非常积极的意义。
[Abstract]:Singh's theory of animal emancipation is an extremely important theory in environmental ethics. The theory is put forward under the historical conditions such as the destruction of the environment by industrial civilization and the development of the anti-discrimination movement. Bentham's utilitarian thought. The theory of natural value provides the theoretical basis for Singer's animal emancipation. Singer's animal emancipation plays a very important role in the whole philosophical thought system. The most influential theory on Singer's philosophical theory is merit. The idea of profit. The thought of animal emancipation also revolved around utilitarianism. Singh used the ability to feel pain as the criterion of dividing moral rights, thus defining that all animals should be given equal moral care. And the principle of equal consideration of interests as the basic principle of the treatment of animals. Based on the above principles, in practice, Singh advocated the realization of vegetarianism and the establishment of a new relationship between human beings and nature. Singh strongly urged people to abandon the concept of species and treat animals equally. Comments on Singer's animal emancipation have always been mixed and divergent. As far as its reasonableness is concerned. Singh emancipated the mind of animals to the anthropocentrism for reasonable reflection, broke through the limits of anthropocentrism, broadened the scope of concern of moral philosophy. As far as the defects of his theory are concerned. The utilitarian basis of Singer's animal emancipation is contradictory to the principle of equality. At the same time, the animal emancipation pays too much attention to the interests of the individual and lacks the perspective of holism. As far as its practicality is concerned, because of the contemporary culture. With the restriction of social and economic development, Singh's animal emancipation is faced with the problem that is difficult to practice. Although Singh's animal emancipation thought has some shortcomings, it is one of the important theoretical achievements of environmental ethics. Both in theory and in practice, are of very positive significance.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B82-058

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