内隐及外显老化态度对老年抑郁的影响

发布时间：2018-01-20 05:04

本文关键词： 外显老化态度内隐老化态度老年抑郁内隐——外显态度一致性态度的改变　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：老化态度是对老人、老年生活及老化过程在积极——消极维度上的总体评价,由内隐及外显老化态度组成,大量研究表明其对老人的认知能力及身心健康均有重要影响。老年抑郁则是威胁老人身心健康及生活质量的常见精神卫生问题。本研究以60岁及以上老人为研究对象,结合问卷调查及行为实验设计了四项系列研究,探究老化态度对老年抑郁的影响。研究一采用调查法,考察外显老化态度与老年抑郁的关系。采用《老化态度问卷》及《老年抑郁量表》对上海市310名被试施测。研究二结合行为实验,进一步考察内隐老化态度与老年抑郁及外显老化态度的关系。采用单类内隐联想测验测量内隐老化态度,对28名被试进行研究。结果表明,积极外显老化态度与老年抑郁成负相关;积极内隐老化态度与老年抑郁成负相关;内隐老化态度与外显老化态度不相关。研究三在上述两项研究的基础上,设置实验组与对照组,通过直接思维任务启动实验组老人的积极老化态度,探讨如何改变老化态度及其对老年抑郁的影响。采用《老化态度问卷》、《流调用抑郁自评量表》及单类内隐联想测验对42名被试进行研究。结果表明,直接思维任务能够启动老人的积极外显老化态度,但对内隐老化态度无影响;外显老化态度的改变对老年抑郁无影响。研究四基于研究三结果,设置实验组与对照组,通过背景线索启动实验组老人的积极内隐老化态度,探讨如何改变内隐老化态度及其对老年抑郁的影响。采用与研究三相同的研究工具对40名被试进行研究。结果表明,背景线索能够启动老人的积极内隐及外显老化态度;积极内隐老化态度能够降低老年抑郁得分。综上所述,本研究发现:(1)上海社区老人内隐——外显老化态度一致性较低;(2)直接思维任务仅能改变老人的外显老化态度,背景线索能够同时改变老人的内隐及外显老化态度;(3)积极内隐老化态度能够降低老年抑郁得分。研究结果为帮助老人改变内隐老化态度以对抗老年抑郁提供了新的途径。
[Abstract]:Aging attitude is a general evaluation of the elderly, elderly life and aging process in the positive and negative dimensions, consisting of implicit and explicit aging attitude. A large number of studies have shown that it has an important impact on the cognitive ability and physical and mental health of the elderly, while depression in the elderly is a common mental health problem threatening the physical and mental health and quality of life of the elderly. The object. Combined with questionnaires and behavioral experiments, four series of studies were designed to explore the impact of aging attitude on depression in the elderly. To investigate the relationship between explicit aging attitude and senile depression, 310 subjects in Shanghai were tested with the Aging attitude questionnaire and the elderly Depression scale. The relationship between implicit aging attitude and aged depression and explicit aging attitude was further investigated. The implicit aging attitude was measured by single class implicit association test and 28 subjects were studied. There was a negative correlation between positive explicit aging attitude and senile depression. There was a negative correlation between positive implicit aging attitude and senile depression. Implicit aging attitude and explicit aging attitude is not related. Study 3 on the basis of the above two studies, set up the experimental group and control group, through direct thinking task to start the positive aging attitude of the experimental group. To explore how to change the aging attitude and its influence on the elderly depression, 42 subjects were studied by using the Aging attitude questionnaire, the Self-Rating Depression scale of flow call and the single Class implicit Association Test. The direct thinking task can initiate the positive explicit aging attitude of the elderly, but has no effect on the implicit aging attitude. The change of explicit aging attitude had no effect on the elderly depression. Study 4 based on the results of study three, set up the experimental group and control group, through the background clues to activate the positive implicit aging attitude of the experimental group. To explore how to change implicit aging attitude and its effect on elderly depression. 40 subjects were studied with the same tools as study 3. The results showed that: 1. Background clues can trigger the active implicit and explicit aging attitude of the elderly; Positive implicit aging attitude can reduce the score of senile depression. To sum up, this study found that: 1) the consistency of implicit and explicit aging attitude in Shanghai community is low; 2) the direct thinking task can only change the old people's explicit aging attitude, and the background clue can change the old people's implicit and explicit aging attitude at the same time; 3) the positive implicit aging attitude can reduce the depression score of the elderly. The results provide a new way to help the elderly to change the implicit aging attitude to combat the elderly depression.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6

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