论《玫瑰的名字》中的信仰与理性

发布时间：2018-02-22 02:44

本文关键词： 《玫瑰的名字》信仰理性欲望　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《玫瑰的名字》是一部典型的后现代小说,但其中所蕴含的埃科对信仰和理性的思考并未得到足够的关注。因而本文以该小说中的信仰和理性为切入点,通过对三组人物的对照分析,展现小说对幻觉信仰和现代理性的批判,对信仰和理性之融合的肯定,并试图从这一批判与肯定中得出这样的结论:信仰若没有理性的支撑,将成为个人欲望的避难所,成为马克思所说的"幻觉信仰";而如若将理性背后的信仰抽空,当理性与人的权力欲望谋合,理性便成为众多当代哲学家所批判的现代理性。唯有理性与信仰融合,方能安置自身的欲望。第一章分析贱民和乌贝尔蒂诺的"幻觉信仰"。贱民幻觉信仰产生的原因是他们视信仰为现世苦难的避难所。这是马克思所说的"幻觉信仰"。当"幻觉信仰"破灭后,贱民以暴力寻求希望,从而走向异端。乌贝尔蒂诺将上帝的信仰视为摆脱肉欲折磨的解药。但这并没有给他带来精神上的解脱,信仰与欲爱混杂。在贱民和乌贝尔蒂诺身上体现的正是马克思、费尔巴哈所批判的"幻觉信仰",也是埃科所批判的信仰。第二章分析豪尔赫对笑的排斥及排斥的原因:"笑是对真理的怀疑"、笑会消除恐惧、消解严肃。在分析豪尔赫对笑的排斥中,探析其身上所体现出来的理性与权力欲的错位。豪尔赫不仅是一位疯狂的卫道士,更是一个理性的现代人。为了维护自己的既有权力,他理性地排斥笑、禁锢手稿,毒害修道士。理性与权力欲的错位使他走向了疯狂的非理性。在豪尔赫身上所体现出来的是现代人所经历的启蒙悖论。第三章分析威廉身上所体现出的信仰与理性的和谐。首先分析威廉与其他人物之间的互文性。在此基础上,阐明威廉身上所体现出来的理性和信仰的和谐。威廉的理性与信仰之和谐不仅在于他将理性看作是认识上帝的工具,还在于他在经历藏书馆之劫后理性地认识到,理性有其魅力,但它不能认识上帝,关于上帝的问题属于启示问题,非理性所能穷尽。
[Abstract]:The name of Rose is a typical postmodern novel, but the thinking of faith and reason contained in it is not paid enough attention to. Therefore, this paper takes faith and reason in the novel as the breakthrough point. Through the comparative analysis of the three groups of characters, this paper shows the critique of the hallucination belief and modern reason in the novel, the affirmation of the fusion of belief and reason, and attempts to draw such a conclusion from this criticism and affirmation: if faith is not supported by reason, Will become the refuge of individual desire, become what Marx called "hallucinatory belief"; and if the faith behind reason is emptied, when reason and man's desire for power are consonant, Reason has become the modern reason criticized by many contemporary philosophers. Only the fusion of reason and faith, The first chapter analyzes the untouchable and Ubertino's "hallucinatory beliefs". The reason for the untouchables' hallucination is that they regard faith as a refuge for worldly suffering. This is what Marx called "hallucination." "... When the hallucinations were shattered, The untouchables turn to heresy by seeking hope through violence. Ubertino sees the faith of God as an antidote to the torment of flesh. But it does not bring him spiritual relief. Faith and lust mingled. It was Marx who embodied it in Dalits and Ubertino. Feuerbach's critique of "hallucination" is also Eco's critique of belief. Chapter two analyzes Jorge's rejection of laughter and its reasons: "laughter is doubt of truth", laughter dispels fear. Dispel seriousness. In analyzing Jorge's rejection of laughter, analyze the mismatch between reason and the desire for power embodied in Jorge. Jorge is not only a mad guardian, but also a rational modern man. In order to protect his existing power, His rational rejection of laughter, imprisonment of manuscripts, Poison the monk. The dislocation of reason and power led him to crazy irrationality. In Jorge, it is the enlightenment paradox experienced by modern people. Chapter three analyzes the faith and theory embodied in William. The harmony of sex. First, analyze the intertextuality between William and other characters. On this basis, Explain the harmony of reason and belief embodied in William. William's harmony of reason and belief lies not only in his view of reason as a tool for understanding God, but also in his rational understanding of it after the destruction of the library. Reason has its charm, but it can not understand God, the question of God belongs to the question of revelation, irrationality can be exhausted.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I546.074

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